Designation:C1274−12StandardTestMethodforAdvancedCeramicSpecificSurfaceAreabyPhysicalAdsorption1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationC1274;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.1.Scope*1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthesurfaceareaofadvancedceramicmaterials(inasolidform)basedonmultilayerphysisorptionofgasinaccordancewiththemethodofBrunauer,Emmett,andTeller(BET)(1)2andbasedonIUPACRecommendations(1984and1994)(2)and(3).Thistestmethodspecifiesgeneralproceduresthatareapplicabletomanycommercialphysicaladsorptioninstruments.Thistestmethodprovidesspecificsampleoutgassingproceduresforselectedcommonceramicmaterials,including:amorphousandcrystallinesilicas,TiO2,kaolin,siliconnitride,siliconcarbide,zirconiumoxide,etc.ThemultipointBET(1)equationalongwiththesinglepointapproximationoftheBETequationarethebasisforallcalculations.Thistestmethodisappropriateformeasuringsurfaceareasofadvancedceramicpowdersdowntoatleast0.05m2(ifinadditiontonitrogen,kryptonat77.35Kisutilizedasanadsorptive).1.2Thistestmethoddoesnotincludeallexistingproce-duresappropriateforoutgassingofadvancedceramicmateri-als.However,itprovidesacomprehensivesummaryofproce-duresrecommendedintheliteratureforselectedtypesofceramicmaterials.Theinvestigatorshalldeterminetheappro-priatenessoflistedprocedures.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.StateallnumericalvaluesintermsofSIunitsunlessspecificinstrumentationsoftwarereportssurfaceareausingalternateunits.Inthiscase,providebothreportedandequiva-lentSIunitsinthefinalwrittenreport.Itiscommonlyacceptedandcustomary(inphysicaladsorptionandrelatedfields)toreportthe(specific)surfaceareaofsolidsasm2/g,and,asaconvention,manyinstruments(aswellascertificatesofrefer-encematerials)reportsurfaceareaasm2g-1,insteadofusingSIunits(m2kg-1).1.4...
