ASTM_C_1221_-_10_2018.pdf

Designation:C122110(Reapproved 2018)Standard Test Method forNondestructive Analysis of Special Nuclear Materials inHomogeneous Solutions by Gamma-Ray Spectrometry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1221;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the con-centration of gamma-ray emitting special nuclear materialsdissolved in homogeneous solutions.The test method correctsfor gamma-ray attenuation by the solution and its container bymeasurement of the transmission of a beam of gamma raysfrom an external source(Refs.(1),(2),and(3).21.2 Two solution geometries,slab and cylinder,are consid-ered.The solution container that determines the geometry maybe either a removable or a fixed geometry container.This testmethod is limited to solution containers having walls or a topand bottom of equal transmission through which the gammarays from the external transmission correction source mustpass.1.3 This test method is typically applied to radionuclideconcentrations ranging from a few milligrams per litre toseveral hundred grams per litre.The assay range will be afunction of the specific activity of the nuclide of interest,thephysical characteristics of the solution container,countingequipment considerations,assay gamma-ray energies,solutionmatrix,gamma-ray branching ratios,and interferences.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazards,see Section 9.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C1133/C1133M Test Method for Nondestructive Assay ofSpecial Nuclear Material in Low-Density Scrap and Wasteby Segmented Passive Gamma-Ray ScanningC1168 Practice for Preparation and Dissolution of PlutoniumMaterials for AnalysisC1490 Guide for the Selection,Training and Qualification ofNondestructive Assay(NDA)PersonnelC1592/C1592M Guide for Making Quality NondestructiveAssay Measurements(Withdrawn 2018)4C1673 Terminology of C26.10 Nondestructive Assay Meth-odsE181 Test Methods for Detector Calibration and Analysis ofRadionuclides2.2 ANSI Standards:5ANSI N15.20 Guide to Calibrating Nondestructive AssaySystemsANSI N15.35 Guide to Preparing Calibration Material forNondestructiveAssay Systems that Count Passive GammaRaysANSI N15.37 Guide to the Automation of NondestructiveAssay Systems for Nuclear Material ControlANSI N42.14 American National Standard for Calibrationand Use of Germanium Spectrometers for the Measure-ment of Gamma-Ray Emission Rates of RadionuclidesANSI/IEEE 645 Test Procedures for High-Purity Germa-nium Detectors for Ionizing Radiation3.Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method,refer toCommittee C26.10s Terminology standard,C1673.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C26 on NuclearFuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.10 on NonDestructive Assay.Current edition approved April 1,2018.Published April 2018.Originallyapproved in 1992.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C1221 10.DOI:10.1520/C1221-10R18.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis test method.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.5Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Many nuclear materials spontaneously emit gamma rayswith energies and intensities characteristic of the decayingnuclide.The analysis for these nuclear materials is accom-plished by selec