ASTM_C_1171_-_16.pdf

Designation:C117116Standard Test Method forQuantitatively Measuring the Effect of Thermal Shock andThermal Cycling on Refractories1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1171;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method is used for determining the strengthloss or reduction in continuity,or both,of prism-shapedspecimens which are cut from refractory brick or shapes andsubjected to thermal cycling.1.2 The strength loss is measured by the difference inmodulus of rupture(MOR)between uncycled specimens andthe specimens subjected to thermal cycling.1.3 The reduction in structural continuity is estimated by thedifference in sonic velocity before and after thermal cycling.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-lus of Rupture of RefractoriesC607 Practice for Coking Large Shapes of Carbon-BearingMaterialsC1419 Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Refractory Mate-rials at Room Temperature and Its Use in Obtaining anApproximate Youngs ModulusE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Significance and Use3.1 This test method indicates the ability of a refractoryproduct to withstand the stress generated by sudden changes intemperature.3.2 Because the recommended furnace temperature of thiscycling test is 1200C(2190F),this test method may notindicate the ability of a refractory product to withstand cyclingat higher or lower temperatures,especially if the existingmorphology of the refractory product changes.3.3 This test method is useful for research and development,as well as for comparing refractory products.The precisionshould be considered when using this test for specificationpurposes.3.4 Ruggedness tests found the following variables to berugged:temperature+5Chot spacing12to34in.(12.77 to 19 mm)cold spacing12to34in.(12.77 to 19 mm)center vs.end gripping of the barshot hold time10 to 15 mincold hold time10 to 15 minoperator air speed0 to 2 mi/h(0 to 3.2 km/h)initially cold or heated sampleslast in,first out(LIFO);or first in,first out(FIFO)removal from the furnacesawed or original surface as tensile face during MOR testingbar thickness0.96 to 1.04 in.(24.5 to 26.4 mm)4.Apparatus4.1 Furnace,capable of maintaining 1200C(2190F)withrecovery rate of less than 5 min to temperature.4.2 Abrasive Saw,to cut the test specimens.4.3 Dryer,capable of operating at 105C to 110C(220F to230F).4.4 Tongs or Fork,for handling hot specimens.4.5 Safety Equipment,such as gloves,face shields,andtinted safety glasses.4.6 Alumina Setter Brick,90%,placed 5 in.(127 mm)apartin and outside the furnace.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 onRefractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.02 on ThermalProperties.Current edition approved Nov.1,2016.Published November 2016.Originallyapproved in 1991.Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C1171 15.DOI:10.1520/C1171-16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.7 Strength Testing MachineAny form of standard me-chanical or hydraulic compression testing machine that con-forms to the requirements of Practices E4 may be used.4.8 Sonic Velocity MachineTest apparatus3conforming tothe section on Test Apparatus of Test Method C1419.5.Sampling5.1 The sampling shall consist of at least two bricks orshapes,or test samples made from monolithic refractories.Atleast ten test specimens shall be used.An equal number ofspecimens shall be taken from each of the bricks or shapes.5.2 Samples should be prefired to a temperature at least ashigh as the test temperatures.6.Test Specimens6.1 Test specimens shall be 1 6132in.by 1 6132in.byapproximately 6 in.(25 6 0.8 by 25 6 0.8 by approximately152 mm).Note in the report if other specimen sizes are used.Specimens cut from brick shall have at least one original bricksurface.If cut shapes,the specimens