ASTM_C_97_-_C_97M_-_15.pdf

Designation:C97/C97M15Standard Test Methods forAbsorption and Bulk Specific Gravity of Dimension Stone1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C97/C97M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the tests for determining theabsorption and bulk specific gravity of all types of dimensionstone,except slate.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C119 Terminology Relating to Dimension StoneC1799 Guide to Dimension Stone Test Specimen Samplingand Preparation3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsAll definitions are in accordance with Ter-minology C119.4.Significance and Use4.1 These test methods are useful in indicating the differ-ences in absorption between the various dimension stones.These test methods also provide one element in comparingstones of the same type.5.Sampling5.1 The sample shall be selected to represent a true averageof the type or grade of stone under consideration and shall beof the quality supplied to the market under the type designationto be tested.The sample may be selected by the purchaser orhis authorized representative from the quarried stone or takenfrom the natural ledge and shall be of adequate size to permitthe preparation of at least five test specimens.When percep-tible variations occur,the purchaser may select as manysamples as are necessary for determining the range in proper-ties.NOTE1Refer to Guide C1799 for additional information on selecting,preparing,and conditioning test specimens.6.Test Specimens6.1 The specimens may be cubes,prisms,cylinders,or anyregular form with least dimension not under 2 in.50 mm andgreatest dimension not over 3 in.75 mm but the ratio ofvolume to surface area shall not be less than 0.3 nor greaterthan 0.5 when measuring in inches 8 and 12.5 when measuringin millimetres.All surfaces shall be reasonably smooth.Sawor core drill surfaces are considered satisfactory,but roughersurfaces shall be finished with No.80 abrasive.No chisels orsimilar tools shall be used at any stage of preparing thespecimens.6.2 Prepare at least five specimens from each sample.6.3 The same specimens may be used to determine bothwater absorption and bulk specific gravity.In this case,followthe procedures in 7.1 7.3 and 10.1,and issue a single reportcontaining all information required in 9 and 13.Alternatively,separate specimens may be prepared from the same or differentsamples.In this case,follow the applicable procedure forseparate determination and reporting of water absorption orbulk specific gravity,or both.7.Procedure7.1 Dry the specimens for 48 h in a ventilated oven at atemperature of 140 6 4F 60 6 2C.At the 46th,47th,and48th hour,weigh the specimens to ensure that the weight is thesame.If the weight continues to drop,continue to dry thespecimens until there are three successive hourly readings withthe same weight.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 onDimension Stone and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.01 on TestMethods.Current edition approved May 1,2015.Published July 2015.Originally approvedin 1930.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C9709.DOI:10.1520/C0097_C0097M-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.2 After drying,cool the specimens in the room for 30 minand weigh.When the specimens cannot be weighed immedi-ately after cooling,store them in a desiccator.Determine theweights to the nearest 0.0005 oz 0.01 g.7.3 Immerse the specimens completely in filtered or dis-tilled water at 72 6 4F 22 6 2C for 48 h.At the end of thisperiod remove them from the water bath one at a time,surfacedry with a damp cloth,and weigh to the nearest 0.0005 oz0.01 g.8.Calculation and Report8.1 Calculate the weight percentage absorption(Note 2)foreach specimen as follows:Absorption,weight%5B 2 A!/A#3100(1)where:A=weight of the dried specimen,oz g,andB=weight of the specimen after im