ASTM_C_400_-_98_2013e1.pdf

Designation:C40098(Reapproved 2013)1Standard Test Methods forQuicklime and Hydrated Lime for Neutralization of WasteAcid1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C400;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTECorrected erroneous references in 7.4.2.1 and 7.4.3.1 in December 2017.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the testing of quicklime andhydrated lime for use in the treatment of waste acid solutionsand includes the characterization of the liming material and ofthe acid waste.NOTE1When agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser,this method may be used directly to evaluate the lime requirement for aplant waste acid and in the preparation of the lime slurry;the pH,the time,temperature,and other conditions of treatment may be adjusted toconform to plant practice.Otherwise the test shall be performed asdescribed in this method.NOTE2Under some conditions of test the lime requirement may varysubstantially from that indicated by ultimate chemical analysis or by theuse of a determination of available alkalinity by titration to a stoichio-metric end point.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C50 Practice for Sampling,Sample Preparation,Packaging,and Marking of Lime and Limestone ProductsE70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With theGlass Electrode3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 neutralization coeffcientthe number of parts of limerequired to neutralize one million parts by weight of sulfuricacid solution(1.5%)to a pH of 4.4 in 30 min(see Note 1).3.1.2 pHa measure of the hydrogen ion concentration of asample and representing the logarithm of the reciprocal(nega-tive logarithm)of the activity of hydrogen ions,calculated asfollows:pH5 log1H!15 2logH1!where:H+=activity of hydrogen ions.4.Significance and Use4.1 Since all limes and waste acid solutions are different,this test method evaluates the relative quantity of a given limeneeded for the neutralization of a specific quantity of acid.4.2 Liming materials have a specific basicity factor ormeasure of alkalinity which can be used for comparing theirrelative neutralizing power.It avoids dependence on chemicalanalysis and is determined as grams of calcium oxide equiva-lents per kilogram of liming material.4.3 Likewise,specific waste acids have an acid value thatcan be expressed as grams of hydrochloric acid equivalent perlitre of acid waste.This value is related on a stoichiometricbasis to lime neutralization requirements of a liquid acid waste.5.Apparatus5.1 pH Measuring Apparatus,conforming to the require-ments of Section 5,Apparatus,and Section 6,Reagents andMaterials,of Test Method E70.A time-pH recording device orattachment is desirable but not required.5.2 Analytical Balance,capable of reproducing resultswithin 0.005 g.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 onLime and Limestone and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C07.05 onChemical Tests.Current edition approved July 1,2013.Published August 2013.Originallyapproved in 1957.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C400 98(2006).DOI:10.1520/C0400-98R13E01.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 5.3 Stirrer,motorized,capable of rotating at speeds from120 to 600 r/min.5.4 MiscellaneousEquipmentChemicallyresistantglassware,3metal stands for support of the equipment,etc.6.Purity of Reagents6.1 Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests.Unless otherwise indicated,it is intended that all reagents shallconform to the specifications of the Committee on AnalyticalReagents of the Ame