ASTM_C_561_-_16.pdf

Designation:C56116An American National StandardStandard Test Method forAsh in a Graphite Sample1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C561;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method provides a practical determination forthe ash content in a graphite sample.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C562 Test Method for Moisture in a Graphite Sample3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 ash,nin carbon and graphite technology,residueremaining after oxidation of a carbon or graphite.4.Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a practical estimate of non-burnable residues in commercially available graphite materials.The ash values determined by this test method are of use incomparing the relative purity of various grades of graphite.Tofacilitate use,this test method institutes simplifications thatpreclude the ability to determine absolutely the ash values ofthe test graphite material due to uncontrolled sources of tracecontamination.4.2 This test method is not intended for use in determiningthe ash content of purified graphites,for example,nuclearmaterials.The relationship between the mineral content of agraphite sample and the ash content of that sample is unknownand is not determined by the application of this test method.5.Interferences5.1 Although permitted within the scope of this test method,the use of alumina ceramic crucibles may affect results due todifficulties in obtaining repeatable or proper weights,or both,because of(1)the hygroscopic nature of some ceramiccrucibles,and(2)the possible chemical combination of traceelements with the ceramic crucible.5.2 Any ash or trace elements introduced to the sample willinfluence results.Contamination can occur during drilling toobtain the sample and during pulverization.(See 7.1.)6.Apparatus6.1 Alumina Ceramic or Platinum Crucible or Dish,suit-able for holding sample(subsequently called sample holder).6.2 Analytical Balance,capable of weighing to 60.0002 g.6.3 Muffle Furnace,capable of reaching 950 C with con-troller capable of maintaining a temperature of 950 C 620 C.6.4 Platinum or Stainless Steel Wire.6.5 Desiccator,charged with indicating desiccant.6.6 Drying Oven,air convection type,capable of beingcontrolled to 110 C 6 2 C.7.Sampling7.1 Samples may be solid or particulate.Solid bodies maybe sampled by removing one or more solid pieces from thebody by,for example,sawing,turning,milling,or fracturing.Particulate samples may be generated from solid bodies bydrilling,using a carbide drill to minimize contamination,or byother crushing and grinding methods.8.Procedure8.1 Dry the sample in accordance with Test Method C562,or for a minimum of 16 h in a drying oven at 110 C 6 2 C,and allow the sample to cool to room temperature in thedesiccator.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.F0 on Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products.Current edition approved Jan.1,2016.Published February 2016.Originallyapproved in 1965.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C561 91(2010)1.DOI:10.1520/C0561-16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 8.2 Tare a dried sample holder using an analytical balance to60.002 g.As soon as the sample has cooled to roomtemperature,remove it from the desiccator and weigh a 25 g to50 g sample into the tared sample holder.Reweigh the sampleand sample holder to 60.002 g.8.3 Introduce a slow stream of air into the muffle furnace(Note 1).Place the sample holder containing the sample intothe furnace,then heat the furnace so that the sample reaches500 C in 1 h and 750 C in 2 h.NOTE1The stream of air into the furnace should be carefully adjustedso that the sample or ash will not be blown from the dish.The air streammay be admitted by leaving the door of the furnace open a slight amount.Exercise