ASTM_C_33-C33-13.pdf

Designation:C33/C33M-13INTERNATIONALStandard Specification forConcrete Aggregates1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C33/C33M:the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope2.Referenced Documents1.1 This specification defines the requirements for grading2.1 ASTM Standards:3and quality of fine and coarse aggregate(other than lightweightC29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density(Unit Weight)or heavyweight aggregate)for use in concrete.2and Voids in AggregateC40 Test Method for Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregates1.2 This specification is for use by a contractor,concretefor Concretesupplier,or other purchaser as part of the purchase documentC87 Test Method for Effect of Organic Impurities in Finedescribing the material to be furnished.Aggregate on Strength of MortarNorE 1-This specification is regarded as adequate to ensure satisfac-C88 Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use oftory materials for most concrete.It is recognized that,for certain work orSodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfatein certain regions,it may be either more or less restrictive than needed.ForC117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-um(No.200)example,where aesthetics are important,more restrictive limits may beSieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washingconsidered regarding impurities that would stain the concrete surface.TheC123 Test Method for Lightweight Particles in Aggregatespecifier should ascertain that aggregates specified are or can be madeC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-available in the area of the work,with regard to grading.physical,orchemical properties,or combination thereof.gregatesC131 Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-1.3 This specification is also for use in project specificationsSize Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Losto define the quality of aggregate,the nominal maximum sizeAngeles Machineof the aggregate,and other specific grading requirements.C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and CoarseThose responsible for selecting the proportions for the concreteAggregatesmixture shall have the responsibility of determining the pro-C142 Test Method for Clay Lumps and Friable Particles inportions of fine and coarse aggregate and the addition ofAggregatesblending aggregate sizes if required or approved.C150 Specification for Portland CementC227 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsCement-Aggregate Combinations(Mortar-Bar Method)are to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated inC289 Test Method for Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity ofeach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachAggregates(Chemical Method)system shall be used independently of the other.CombiningC294 Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Con-values from the two systems may result in non-conformancecrete Aggregateswith the standard.C295 Guide for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotesConcretewhich provide explanatory material.These notes and footnotesC311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or(excluding those in tables and figures)shall not be consideredNatural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concreteas requirements of this standard.C330 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Struc-tural ConcreteC331 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for ConcreteMasonry UnitsThis specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onC332 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Insulat-Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.20 on Normal Weight Aggregates.ing ConcreteCurrent edition approved Jan.1.2013.Published February 2013.Originallyapproved in 1921.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C33/C33M-11A.D0l:10.1520/C0033C0033M-13.3 For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org.or2 For lightweight aggregates,see Specifications C330,C331,and C332:forcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMheavyweight aggregates see Specification C637 and Descriptive NomenclatureStandards volume information.refer to the standards Document Summary page onC638the ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM Intemational,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesC33/C33M-13C342 Test Method for Potential Volume Change of Cement-specifier shall include in the project documents information toAggregate Combinations(Withdrawn 2001)4describe the aggregate to be used in the project from theC441 Test Method for Effectiveness of Pozzolans or Groundapplicable items in 4.3.Blast-Furnace Slag in Preventing Excessive Expansion of4.2 Include in the purchase order for aggregates the follow-Concrete Due to the Alkali-Silica Reactioning information,as applicable:C535 Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Large-4.2.1 Reference to this specification,as C33.Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los4.2.2 Whether the order is for fine aggregate or for coarseAngeles Machineaggregate,C586 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Carbon-4.2.3 Quantity,in metric tons or tons.ate Rocks as Concrete Aggregates(Rock-CylinderMethod)4.2.4 When the order is for fine aggregate:4.2.4.1 Whether the restriction on reactive materials in 7.3C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cementsapplies,C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined4.2.4.2 In the case of the sulfate soundness test(see 8.1)Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concretewhich salt is to be used.If none is stated.either sodium sulfateC637 Specification for Aggregates for Radiation-Shieldingor magnesium sulfate shall be used,Concrete4.2.4.3 The appropriate limit for material finer than 75-umC638 Descriptive Nomenclature of Constituents of Aggre-(No.200)sieve(see Table 1).If not stated,the 3.0%limit shallgates for Radiation-Shielding Concreteapply,C666/C666M Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to4.2.4.4 The appropriate limit for coal and lignite(see TableRapid Freezing and Thawing2).If not stated,the 1.0 limit shall apply,C989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and4.2.5 When the order is for coarse aggregate:Mortars4.2.5.1 The grading(size number)(see 10.1 and Table 3),orC1105 Test Method for Length Change of Concrete Due toalternate grading as agreed between the purchaser and aggre-Alkali-Carbonate Rock ReactionC1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cementgate supplier.4.2.5.2 The class designation(see 11.1 and Table 4).C1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious4.2.5.3 Whether the restriction on reactive materials in 11.2MixturesC1260 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Ag-applies,4.2.5.4 In the case of the sulfate soundness test(see Tablegregates(Mortar-Bar Method)4).which salt is to be used.If none is stated,either sodiumC1293 Test Method for Determination of Length Change ofsulfate or magnesium sulfate shall be used,andConcrete Due to Alkali-Silica Reaction4.2.6 Any exceptions or additions to this specification(seeC1567 Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious Mate-Note 1).rials and Aggregate(Accelerated Mortar-Bar Method)4.3 Include in project specifications for aggregates theD75 Practice for Sampling Aggregatesfollowing information,as applicable:D422 Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils4.3.1 Reference to this specification,as C33_D2419 Test Method for Sand Equivalent Value of Soils and4.3.2 When the aggregate being described is fine aggregate:Fine Aggregate4.3.2.1 Whether the restriction on reactive materials in 7.3D3665 Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Ma-applies,terials4.3.2.2 In the case of the sulfate soundness test(see 8.1)E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Testwhich salt is to be used.If none is stated,either sodium sulfateSievesor magnesium sulfate shall be used.2.2 Other Standards:AASHTO T 330 Method of Test for the Qualitative Detec-tion of Harmful Clays of the Smectite Group in Aggre-gates Using Methylene BlueTABLE 1 Grading Requirements for Fine Aggregate3.TerminologySieve(Specification E11)Percent Passing9.5-mm(%-in.)1003.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard,refer to4.75-mm(No.4)95to100Terminology C125.2.36-mm(No.8)80to1001.18-mmNo.16)50t0854.Ordering and Specifying Information600m(No.30)25t060300-m(No.50)5t0304.1 The direct purchaser of aggregates shall include the150m(No.100)0to10information in 4.2 in the purchase order as applicable.A project75-umN0.200)0t03.0AaA For concrete not subject to abrasion,the limit for material finer than the 75-um(No.200)sieve shall be 5.0 maximum.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onFor manufactured fine aggregate,if the material finer than the 75-um(No.200)www.astm.org.sieve consists of dust of fracture,essentially free of clay or shale,this limit shall beAASHTO Standard Specifications.Part 2B:Tests.Available from American5.0%maximum for concrete subject to abrasion.and 7.0%maximum for concreteAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officials(AASHTO).444 N.not subject to abrasion.Capitol St.NW.Suite 249,Washington.DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.C33/C33M-13TABLE 2 Limits for Deleterious Substances in Fine Aggregate for6.3 Fine aggregate failing to meet these grading require-Concretements shall meet the requirements of this section provided thatMass Percentthe supplier can demonstrate to the purchaser or specifier thatItemof Total Sample.maxconcrete of the class specified,made with fine aggregate underClay lumps and friable particles3.0consideration,will have relevant properties(see Note 5)atCoal and lignite:least equal to those of concrete made with the sameWhere surface appearance of concrete0.5ingredients,with the exception that the reference fine aggregateis of importanceAll other concrete1.0shall be selected from a source having an acceptable perfor-mance record in similar concrete construction.NorE 3-Manufactured fine aggregate having elevated proportions ofmaterial passing the 75-um(No.200)sieve may need further evaluation to4.3.2.3 The appropriate limit for material finer than theensure that material passing the 75-um(No.200)sieve is essentially75-um(No.200)sieve(see Table 1).If not stated,the 3.0%composed of dust of fracture derived from the parent rock in the crushinglimit shall apply,andoperation,and does not contain an appreciable level of clay minerals orother deleterious constituents as described in Descriptive Nomenclature4.3.2.4 The limit that applies with regard to coal and ligniteC294.Because some of the dust of fracture may occur in the clay size(Table 2).If not stated,the 1.0%limit shall apply.range.defined here as material finer than 2 um.care must be taken to4.3.3 When the aggregate being described is coarseproperly differentiate these clay-sized materials from clay minerals.aggregate,include:Natural fine aggregate with elevated proportions of material passing the75-um(No.200)sieve may have higher potential for clay mineral content.4.3.3.1 The nominal maximum size or sizes permitted,Various means are available for characterizing these fines,such asbased on thickness of section or spacing of reinforcing bars orpetrographic analysis(Guide C295),sand equivalent determination(Testother criteria.In lieu of stating the nominal maximum size,theMethod D2419).hydrometer analysis(Test Method D422),methylenespecifier shall designate an appropriate size number or numbersblue adsorption determination(AASHTO T 330)and X-ray diffractionanalysis.While these techniques are useful for investigative purposes,no(see 10.1 and Table 3).Designation of a size number to indicatespecific limits have been established for prediction of performance ofa nominal size shall not restrict the person responsible forthese materials in concrete under various intended service conditions.selecting proportions from combining two or more gradings ofMethylene blue adsorption and hydrometer analyses are believed to beaggregate to obtain a desired grading,provided that thetwo relatively quick and reliable tests for characterization of materialgradings are not otherwise restricted by the project specifierpassing the 75-um(No.200)sieve to determine suitability for use inconcrete.Research(1,2)has indicated that manufactured fine aggregateand the nominal maximum size indicated by the size number iswith less than 4%by mass finer than 2 um,and with methylene bluenot exceeded.adsorption values less than 5 mg/g generally is suitable for use in concrete.4.3.3.2 The class designation(see 11.1 and Table 4),Fine aggregate that exceeds these values also may be suitable for use4.3.3.3 Whether the restriction on reactive materials in 11.2provided that fresh and hardened concrete properties are shown to beapplies,acceptable.4.3.3.4 In the case of the sulfate soundness test(see TableNorE 4Fine aggregate that conforms to the grading requirements ofa specification,prepared by another organization such as a state transpor-4).which salt is to be used.If none is stated,either sodiumtation agency,which is in general use in the area,should be considered assulfate or magnesium sulfate shall be used,andhaving a satisfactory service record with regard to those concrete4.3.4 The person responsible for selecting the concreteproperties affected by grading.proportions if other than the concrete producer.NoTE 5-Relevant properties are those properties of the concrete thatare important to the particular application being considered.STP 169D4.3.5 Any exceptions or additions to this specification(seeprovides a discussion of important concrete properties.Note 1).6.4 For continuing shipments of fine aggregate from a givenFINE AGGREGATEsource,the fineness modulus shall not vary more than 0.20from the base fineness modulus.The base fineness modulus5.General Characteristicsshall be that value that is typical of the source.The purchaser5.1 Fine aggregate shall consist of natural sand,manufac-or specifier has the authority to approve a change in the basefineness modulus.tured sand,or a combination thereof.Nore 6-The base fineness modulus should be determined from6.Gradingprevious tests,or if no previous tests exist,from the average of thefineness modulus values for the first ten samples(or all preceding samples6.1 Sieve Analysis-Fine aggregate,except as provided inif less than ten)on the order.The proportioning of a concrete mixture may6.2 and 6.3 shall be graded within the limits in Table 1.be dependent on the base fineness modulus of the fine aggregate to beNorE 2-Concrete with fine aggregate gradings near the minimums forused.Therefore,when it appears that the base fineness modulus ispercent passing the 300 um(No.50)and 150 um(No.100)sometimes haveconsiderably different from the value used in the concrete mixture,adifficulties with workability,pumping or excessive bleeding.The additionsuitable adjustment in the mixture may be necessary.of entrained air,additional cement,or the addition of an approved mineraladmixture to supply the deficient fines,are methods used to alleviate such7.Deleterious Substancesdifficulties.7.1 The amount of deleterious substances in fine aggregate6.2 The fine aggregate shall have not more than 45%shall not exceed the limits prescribed in Table 2.passing any sieve and retained on the next consecutive sieve ofthose shown in 6.1.and its fineness modulus shall be not less6 Significance of Tests and Properties of Concrete and Concrete Makingthan 2.3 nor more than 3.1.Materials,STP 169D,ASTM,2006.ASTM