ASTM_D_1078_-_11.pdf

Designation:D107811Designation:195/98Standard Test Method forDistillation Range of Volatile Organic Liquids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1078;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the distil-lation range of liquids boiling between 30 and 350C,that arechemically stable during the distillation process,by manual orautomatic distillation procedures.1.2 This test method is applicable to organic liquids such ashydrocarbons,oxygenated compounds,chemical intermedi-ates,and blends thereof.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 For purposes of determining conformance of an ob-served or a calculated value using this test method to relevantspecifications,test result(s)shall be rounded off“to the nearestunit”in the last right-hand digit used in expressing thespecification limit,in accordance with the rounding-off methodof Practice E29.1.5 For hazard information and guidance,see the suppliersMaterial Safety Data Sheet.1.6 WarningMercury has been designated by EPA andmany state agencies as a hazardous material that can causecentral nervous system,kidney and liver damage.Mercury,orits vapor,may be hazardous to health and corrosive tomaterials.Caution should be taken when handling mercury andmercury-containing products.See the applicable product Ma-terial Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)for details and EPAs website(http:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm)for additional informa-tion.Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products,or both,in your state may be prohibited bystate law.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific hazardstatements are given in Section 7.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products atAtmospheric PressureE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE133 Specification for Distillation EquipmentE299 Test Method for Trace Amounts of Peroxides InOrganic Solvents2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:Determination of Precision and Bias for Use in TestMethods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants33.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 initial boiling point,nthe temperature indicated bythe distillation thermometer at the instant the first drop ofcondensate leaves the condenser tube.3.1.2 dry point,nthe temperature indicated at the instantthe last drop of liquid evaporates from the lowest point in thedistillation flask,disregarding any liquid on the side of theflask.3.1.3 decomposition point,nthe thermometer reading thatcoincides with the first indications of thermal decomposition ofthe liquid in the flask.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 final boiling point,nthe maximum thermometerreading obtained during the test.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.35 on Solvents,Plasticizers,and Chemical Intermediates.Current edition approved Nov.15,2011.Published December 2011.Originallyapproved in 1949.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D1078 05.DOI:10.1520/D1078-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from ASTM International Headquarters.Order Adjunct No.ADJD6300.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.1.1 DiscussionThis usually occurs after the evapora-tion of all liquid from the bottom of the flask.The term“maximum temperature”is a frequently used synonym.3.2.2 end point 5 minutes,nthe thermometer readingobtained 5 min after the 95%distillation point if no dry or finalboiling point occurs.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A100-mLspecimen is distilled under conditions equiva-lent to a simple batch differential distillation.The temperatureof the thermometer is equilibrated with that of the refluxingliquid before the distillate is taken over.Boiling temperaturesobserved on a partial immersion thermometer are corrected tostandard atmospheric