ASTM_D_1067_-_16.pdf

Designation:D106716Standard Test Methods forAcidity or Alkalinity of Water1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1067;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 These test methods2cover the determination of acidityor alkalinity of all types of water.Three test methods are givenas follows:SectionsTest Method A(Electrometric Titration)7 to 15Test Method B(Electrometric or Color-Change Titration)16 to 24Test Method C(Color-Change Titration After HydrogenPeroxide Oxidation and Boiling)25 to 331.2 In all of these test methods the hydrogen or hydroxylions present in water by virtue of the dissociation or hydrolysisof its solutes,or both,are neutralized by titration with standardalkali(acidity)or acid(alkalinity).Of the three procedures,Test Method A is the most precise and accurate.It is used todevelop an electrometric titration curve(sometimes referred toas a pH curve),which defines the acidity or alkalinity of thesample and indicates inflection points and buffering capacity,ifany.In addition,the acidity or alkalinity can be determinedwith respect to any pH of particular interest.The other twomethods are used to determine acidity or alkalinity relative toa predesignated end point based on the change in color of aninternal indicator or the equivalent end point measured by a pHmeter.They are suitable for routine control purposes.1.3 When titrating to a specific end point,the choice of endpoint will require a careful analysis of the titration curve,theeffects of any anticipated changes in composition on thetitration curve,knowledge of the intended uses or dispositionof the water,and a knowledge of the characteristics of theprocess controls involved.While inflection points(rapidchanges in pH)are usually preferred for accurate analysis ofsample composition and obtaining the best precision,the use ofan inflection point for process control may result in significanterrors in chemical treatment or process control in someapplications.When titrating to a selected end point dictated bypractical considerations,(1)only a part of the actual neutral-izing capacity of the water may be measured,or(2)thiscapacity may actually be exceeded in arriving at optimumacidity or alkalinity conditions.1.4 A scope section is provided in each test method as aguide.It is the responsibility of the analyst to determine theacceptability of these test methods for each matrix.1.5 Former Test Methods C(Color-Comparison Titration)and D(Color-Change Titration After Boiling)were discontin-ued.Refer to Appendix X4 for historical information.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D596 Guide for Reporting Results of Analysis of WaterD1066 Practice for Sampling SteamD1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1293 Test Methods for pH of WaterD2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias ofApplicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on WaterD3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed ConduitsD5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specificationsfor Standard Test Methods for Water AnalysisE200 Practice for Preparation,Standardization,and Storageof Standard and Reagent Solutions for Chemical Analysis1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 onWater and are the responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituentsin Water.Current edition approved June 15,2016.Published June 2016.Originallyapproved in 1949.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1067 11.DOI:10.1520/D1067-16.2The basic procedures used in these test methods have appeared widespread inthe technical literature for many years.Only the particular adaptation of theelectrometric titration appearing as the Referee Method is believed to be largely thework of Committee D19.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The terms in this standard are defined in accordancewith Termin