ASTM_D_1036_-_99_2012.pdf

Designation:D103699(Reapproved 2012)Standard Test Methods ofStatic Tests of Wood Poles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1036;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONOne of the important factors involved in the design and economical use of poles for the support ofaerial communication and power lines is the value of the maximum fiber stress for the different speciesof timber used for poles.In order to gain information on this characteristic,mechanical tests on polesize specimens have been made by numerous investigators.These tests have been made in variousmanners,such as the use of a testing machine,holding the pole butt horizontally in a crib and applyingthe load at the tip,setting poles in the earth and applying the load at the tip,and so forth.The amountof seasoning the test poles have received and the type of preservative treatment applied to the polesare additional variables.The result is that it is difficult,if not impossible,to obtain sufficientinformation pertaining to the various tests to permit accurate comparisons.It is the purpose of these test methods to cover testing procedures in sufficient detail so that theresults of tests made in accordance with the test methods defined will be comparable.It is,of course,not intended that using other test methods that may be better adapted to a particular investigationshould be discouraged.However,experience gained from tests of several hundred poles has indicatedthe test methods specified are entirely practicable.The data forms presented have been found to be convenient for recording the test data and formaking the calculations necessary for the proper analysis of the test results.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover determination of the bendingstrength and stiffness of wood poles.Knowledge of theseproperties is used in providing for reliable and economicaldesign with poles of different species,size,or grade.1.2 Two test methods are included:the cantilever testmethod and the machine test method.1.3 Provision is also made for extracting small clear speci-mens from the butt section and determining static bending andcompression parallel to grain strength values in accordancewith Test Methods D143.1.4 The procedures specified in these test methods apply totests of either treated or untreated material.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard.SI values are given in parentheses and areprovided for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D143 Test Methods for Small Clear Specimens of TimberD198 Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in StructuralSizes2.2 ANSI Standard:3O5.1 Specifications and Dimensions for Wood Poles3.Summary of Test Method3.1 Major Tests:3.1.1 In the cantilever test method,the pole is supportedsecurely from butt to ground line in a horizontal position,anda load is applied near the pole tip by means of a pulling line.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 onWood and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.04 on Pole and PileProducts.Current edition approved May 1,2012.Published May 2012.Originallyapproved in 1949.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D1036 99(2005).DOI:10.1520/D1036-99R12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.2 In the machine test method,the pole is supported nearthe butt and tip,and a load is applied at the ground line by themoving head of a mechanical testing machine.3.1.3 Determinations of age,rate of growth,moisture,anddensity are also made.3.2 Minor Tests:3.2.1 Small clear specimens are taken from the butt sectionof the tested poles for the determination of strength values suchas static bending,compression parallel to grain,toughness,compression perpendicular to grain,and hardness.The overallobjectives of the program will determine which of these testsare desired.4.Significance and Use4.1 Tests of wood poles are made to determine:4.1.1 Data for use in establishing allowable stresses,4.1.2 Data upon which to base economical pole line design,4.1.3 Data on the strength prop