ASTM_C_871_-_11e1.pdf

Designation:C871111Standard Test Methods forChemical Analysis of Thermal Insulation Materials forLeachable Chloride,Fluoride,Silicate,and Sodium Ions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C871;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTE10.1.1 was editorially corrected in December 2011.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover laboratory procedures for thedetermination of water-leachable chloride,fluoride,silicate,and sodium ions in thermal insulation materials in the parts permillion range.1.2 Selection of one of the test methods listed for each of theionic determinations required shall be made on the basis oflaboratory capability and availability of the required equipmentand appropriateness to the concentration of the ion and anypossible ion interferences in the extraction solution.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC692 Test Method for Evaluating the Influence of ThermalInsulations on External Stress Corrosion Cracking Ten-dency of Austenitic Stainless SteelC795 Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Con-tact with Austenitic Stainless SteelC871 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Thermal Insu-lation Materials for Leachable Chloride,Fluoride,Silicate,and Sodium IonsD1428 Test Method for Test for Sodium and Potassium InWater and Water-Formed Deposits by Flame Photometry(Withdrawn 1989)32.2 AWWA Standards:4500-Si D Molybdosilicate Method for Silica44500-Si E Heteropoly Blue Method for Silica43.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to Terminology C168 for definitionsrelating to insulation.4.Summary of Test Methods4.1 Insulation specimens are leached for 30 min in boilingwater.Tests to determine quantitatively chloride,fluoride,silicate,and sodium ions are performed on aliquots of thefiltered leachate solution.4.2 Analysis for Chloride:4.2.1 Amperometric-coulometric titration test method.4.2.2 Titrimetric test method.This method is no longerrecommended as requested by ASTM International due to useof a specific hazardous substance.4.2.3 Specific ion electrode test method.4.3 Analysis for Fluoride:4.3.1 Specific ion electrode test method.4.3.2 SPADNS colorimetric test method.4.4 Analysis for Silicate:4.4.1 Atomic absorption spectrophotometry test method.4.4.2 Colorimetric test methodsAWWA Methods 4500-SiD and 4500-Si E.4.5 Analysis for Sodium:4.5.1 Flame photometric test methodTest Methods D1428.4.5.2 Atomic absorption spectrophotometry test method.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.31 onChemical and Physical Properties.Current edition approved May 15,2011.Published June 2011.Originallyapproved in 1977.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C871 08a2.DOI:10.1520/C0871-11E01.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,17th Edition,American Public Health Association,Washington,DC,1989.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.5.3 Sodium Ion-Selective electrode.5.Significance and Use5.1 Research has demonstrated that in addition to the halideion chloride;fluoride ions,when deposited and concentrated onthe surface of austenitic stainless steel,can contribute toexternal stress corrosion cracking(ESCC)in the absence ofinhibiting ions.5Two widely used insulation specifications thatare specific to ESCC allow the use of the same Test MethodsC692 and C871 for evaluation of insulation materials.Bothspecifications require fluoride ions to be included with chlorideions when evaluating the extractable ions.5.2 Chlorides(and fluorides)can be constituents of theinsulating material or of the environment,or both.Moisture inthe insulation or from the environment can cause chlorides(and fluorides)to migrate through the insulation and concen-trate at the hot stainless steel surface.5.3 The presence of sodium and silicate i