ASTM_C_830_-_00_2016.pdf

Designation:C83000(Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Methods forApparent Porosity,Liquid Absorption,Apparent SpecificGravity,and Bulk Density of Refractory Shapes by VacuumPressure1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C830;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the determination of thefollowing properties of refractory shapes:1.1.1 Apparent porosity,1.1.2 Liquid absorption,1.1.3 Apparent specific gravity,and1.1.4 Bulk density.1.2 These test methods are applicable to all refractoryshapes except those that chemically react with both water andmineral spirits.When testing a material capable of hydration orother chemical reaction with water but which does not chemi-cally react with mineral spirits,mineral spirits is substituted forwater and appropriate corrections for the density differencesare applied when making calculations.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard.The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.3.1 ExceptionThe apparatus used in this standard is onlyavailable in SI units.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE1Test Methods C20 cover procedures for testing properties ofrefractories that are not attacked by water.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C20 Test Methods for Apparent Porosity,Water Absorption,Apparent Specific Gravity,and Bulk Density of BurnedRefractory Brick and Shapes by Boiling WaterC134 Test Methods for Size,Dimensional Measurements,and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and InsulatingFirebrickE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Significance and Use3.1 Apparent porosity,water absorption,apparent specificgravity,and bulk density are primary properties of refractoryshapes.These properties are widely used in the evaluation andcomparison of product quality and as part of the criteria forselection and use of refractory products in a variety ofindustrial applications.These test methods are used for deter-mining any or all of these properties and are particularly usefulfor testing hydratable products.3.2 These test methods are primary standard methods thatare suitable for use in quality control,research anddevelopment,establishing criteria for and evaluating compli-ance with specifications,and providing data for design pur-poses.3.3 Fundamental assumptions inherent in these test methodsare:3.3.1 The test specimens conform to the requirements forsize,configuration,and original faces,3.3.2 The open pores of the test specimens are fully impreg-nated with liquid during the vacuum-pressure treatment,and3.3.3 The blotting of the saturated test specimens is per-formed as specified in a consistent and uniform manner toavoid withdrawing liquid from the pores.3.3.4 Deviation from any of these assumptions adverselyaffects the test results.3.4 In laboratory studies involving castable specimen,a biaswas noted between formed 2 2 2 in.(50 50 50 mm)andspecimens quartered from larger 9 4.5 2.5 in.(228 114 64 mm)cast specimens.Additionally,an error in the apparentporosity determination was found on castables whenever thespecimens were heated to 1500F(816C)and then exposed to1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 onRefractories and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.03 on PhysicalProperties.Current edition approved June 1,2016.Published June 2016.Originallyapproved in 1976.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C830 00(2011).DOI:10.1520/C0830-00R16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 water as a saturation media.The error was attributed toreactivity of cement with water and subsequent re-hydration ofcement phases.The higher the cement level of the castable,thegreater the error noted.It was concluded that an error inporosity values could occur for refractory materials having apotential to form hydrated species with water.Testing under thesame conditions in kerosene produced results that were be-lieved to be more accurate,but the data suggested that thekerosene might not have saturated the open pores of castspecimen as readily