ASTM_D_2935_-_96_2000.pdf

Designation:D 2935 96(Reapproved 2000)Standard Test Method forApparent Density of Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2935;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of apparentdensity in pounds in air per U.S.gallon at convenient tempera-tures using a hydrometer,and reporting at any specifiedatmospheric temperature.1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this testmethod:for purposes of determining conformance with thistest method,an observed value or a calculated value shall berounded off“to the nearest unit”in the last right-hand digitused in expressing the specification limit,in accordance withthe rounding-off method of Practice E 29.1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriatesafety and health practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.Specific hazard statementsare given in Section 7 and Note 3.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid CyclicProducts2E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers3E 12 Terminology Relating to Density and Specific Gravityof Solids,Liquids,and Gases4E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications5E 100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers32.2Other Document:OSHA Regulations,29 CFR,paragraphs 1910.1000 and1910.120063.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 apparent density at 60Fthe weight in air of a unitvolume of sample at 60F;in this test method,the weight is inpounds,and the volume in U.S.liquid gallons.Average air inthis test method is assumed to have a density of 0.0012 g/cm3.NOTE1This definition is not in conflict with that given in the currentversion of Terminology E 12.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A hydrometer reading is made at any convenient tem-perature.The difference between hydrometer reading and atabulated value at test temperature is applied to tabular valuesat any other temperature to get the apparent density at this othertemperature.4.2 The precision of this test method is such that thedetermination should be made in duplicate(11.1)in case ofdispute or for referee purposes.In other cases single determi-nations may suffice.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is intended for measurements onhigh-purity benzene,toluene,styrene,o-,m-,p-xylene,mixedxylenes,and cyclohexane.It can be extended for use on anymaterial for which a precise density-temperature relationship isknown.It has been tested for precision between 55 and 100F.5.2 This test method is not intended for use in settingspecifications on industrial aromatic hydrocarbons.It may alsobe used as an internal quality control tool and in developmentor research work.6.Apparatus6.1 Hydrometer,ASTM pounds per gallon,having a rangeconsistent with the density of the material being tested.Thehydrometer shall conform to the requirements prescribed inSpecification E 100.Table 1 shows the ranges of severalhydrometers suitable for testing the industrial aromatic hydro-carbons within the scope of this method.6.2 Thermometer,graduated in 0.1F in the range from 54 to101F and conforming to the requirements for Gas CalorimeterInlet Thermometer 50F described in Specification E 1.6.3 Cylinder,made of clear glass or plastic.For conve-nience in pouring,the cylinder may have a lip on the rim.Use1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 onAromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D16.01 on Benzene,Toluene,Xylenes,Cyclohexane,and TheirDerivatives.Current edition approved July 10,1996.Published September 1996.Originallypublished as D 2935 72.Last previous edition D 2935 91.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 06.04.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 14.03.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 15.05.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 14.02.6Superintendent of Documents,U.S.Government Printing Office,Washington,DC 20402.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.a cylinder having an inside diameter 25 mm greater than thediameter of the hydrometer and a height to provide a clearanceof 25 mm between the lower end of the hydrometer and theinside bottom of the cylinder.6.4 Bath,for maintaining the contents of the hydrometercylinder constant to 0.05F at any convenient temperatureduring the test.7.Hazards7.1 Consult the latest OSHAregulations,suppliers MaterialSafety Data Sheets,and local regulations regardi