ASTM_D_156_-_15.pdf

Designation:D15615Standard Test Method forSaybolt Color of Petroleum Products(Saybolt ChromometerMethod)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D156;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the color ofrefined oils such as undyed motor and aviation gasoline,jetpropulsion fuels,naphthas and kerosine,and,in addition,petroleum waxes and pharmaceutical white oils.NOTE1For determining the color of petroleum products darker thanSaybolt Color 16,see Test Method D1500.1.2 This test method reports results specific to this testmethod and recorded as,“Saybolt Color units.”1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units or in SI units andwhich are not in parentheses are to be regarded as the standard.The values given in parentheses are for information only.NOTE2Oil tubes and apparatus used in this test method havetraditionally been marked in inches,(the tube is required to be etched with18in.divisions.)The Saybolt Color Numbers are aligned with inch,12in.,14in.,and18in.changes in the depth of oil.These fractional inch changesdo not readily correspond to SI equivalents and in view of the prepon-derance of apparatus already in use and marked in inches,the inch/poundunit is regarded as the standard.However the test method does use SI unitsof length when the length is not directly related to divisions on the oil tubeand Saybolt Color Numbers.The test method uses SI units for tempera-ture.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D938 Test Method for Congealing Point of PetroleumWaxes,Including PetrolatumD1500 Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products(ASTM Color Scale)D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsE308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Usingthe CIE System3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 clear-and-bright,ncondition in which the sample isfree of haze or cloudiness.(Also termed clean-and-bright.)3.1.2 free water,nwater in excess of that soluble in thesample and appearing in the sample as a haze or cloudiness,asdroplets,or as a separated phase or layer.3.1.3 particulates,nsmall solid or semisolid particles,sometimes referred to as silt or sediment,that can be suspendedin the sample or can settle to the bottom.3.1.4 turbidity,nreduction of transparency of a sampledue to the presence of particulate matter or water haze,or both.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 Saybolt color,nan empirical definition of the colorof a clear petroleum liquid based on a scale of 16(darkest)to+30(lightest).3.2.1.1 DiscussionThe number is derived by finding theheight of a column of the sample that,when viewed throughthe length of the column,visually matches the appropriate oneof three glass standards and referring to Table 1 of Test MethodD156.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The height of a column of sample is decreased by levelscorresponding to color numbers until the color of the sample isunmistakably lighter than that of the standard.The colornumber above this level is reported,regardless of whether thesample was darker,questionable,or a match at the higher level.5.Significance and Use5.1 Determination of the color of petroleum products is usedmainly for manufacturing control purposes and is an important1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.05 on Properties of Fuels,Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.Current edition approved April 1,2015.Published April 2015.Originallyapproved in 1923.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D156 12.DOI:10.1520/D0156-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 quality characteristic since color is readily observed by the userof the product.In some cases the color may serve as anindication of the degree of refinement of the material.When thecolor range of a particular product is known,a variation outsidethe established range can indicate possible contamination withanother product.