ASTM_E_2814_-_11.pdf

Designation:E281411Standard Guide forIndustrial Woven Wire Filter Cloth1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2814;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONIndustrial metal filter cloth is a special type of woven wire cloth that can be produced in manyspecifications,often proprietary in nature.Sometimes referred to as Dutch weave or Hollander weave,filter cloth can be woven in a variety of metals and is woven with a greater number of wires in onedirection than the other,and utilizing two different wire diameters.This guide covers woven wire filtercloth for industrial use,which is commonly rated by its micron retention capability.Its purpose is tointroduce standard terms and definitions,to observe common technical considerations that a usershould be aware of,and to present a mathematical model that can be used to predict the micronretention of a filter cloth specification.It should be noted this guide excludes standard industrial wovenwire cloth and sieve cloth from its scope,since these are covered under Specifications E2016 and E11,respectively,as well as excludes plastic and synthetic filter cloth.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers the special grade of industrial wovenwire cloth,referred to as filter cloth,for general filtrationincluding the separation of solids from fluids(liquids or gases),based on a desired particle size retention.Filter cloth can bemade of any primary metal or metal alloy wire that is suitablefor weaving.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSievesE1638 Terminology Relating to Sieves,Sieving Methods,and Screening MediaE2016 Specification for Industrial Woven Wire ClothF316 Test Methods for Pore Size Characteristics of Mem-brane Filters by Bubble Point and Mean Flow Pore Test2.2 SAE Standards:3ARP901 Bubble-Point Test Method3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For additional terminology,refer to TerminologyE1638.3.1.2 bubble point test,ncapillary flow bubble pointmethods are based on the fact that the pressure required toforce an air bubble through filter cloth wetted under a testliquid of known surface tension is inversely proportional to thepore size.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe pressure observed at the firstbubble location is considered the absolute micron retentionrating(see Test Method F316).3.1.3 cloth thickness,noverall thickness of the filter cloth,nominally estimated by adding the warp wire diameter plustwo times the shute wire diameter.3.1.4 crimp,ncorrugation in the warp and shute wires.3.1.4.1 DiscussionThe crimp in the wires is formed dur-ing the weaving process,and the tension existing between thewarp and shute wires fundamentally determines the respective1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E29 on Particle andSpray Characterization and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E29.01 onSieves,Sieving Methods,and Screening Media.Current edition approved April 1,2011.Published July 2011.DOI:10.1520/E2814-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from SAE International(SAE),400 Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale,PA 15096-0001,http:/www.sae.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 amount or depth of crimp,which in part establishes thefirmness of the filter cloth.With the exception of reverse filtercloth,the warp wire is tensioned such that it only crimpsminimally if at all,and the shute wire crimps predominatelyaround the warp wire.3.1.5 filter cake(surface cake),nmaterial that is retainedon the filter cloth during processing.3.1.5.1 DiscussionThe filter cake forms and builds up asparticulate is retained,until the increased flow resistance of thefilter cake requires it be removed from the filter cloth,typicallyby backflushing.The deposition of material forming the filtercake can aid in filtration by providing depth filtration,whichresults in a lower micron retention.3.1.6 glass bead test,nmethod for determining the filtra-tion rating of filter cloth using a set of presorted precis