ASTM_C_27_-_98_2013.pdf

Designation:C2798(Reapproved 2013)Standard Classification ofFireclay and High-Alumina Refractory Brick1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C27;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This classification covers machine-made fireclay andhigh-alumina refractory brick,and its purpose is to set forth thevarious classes and types of these materials in accordance withtheir normal and characteristic properties,which are importantin their use.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C16 Test Method for Load Testing Refractory Shapes atHigh TemperaturesC24 Test Method for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent(PCE)ofFireclay and High Alumina Refractory MaterialsC113 Test Method for Reheat Change of Refractory BrickC133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-lus of Rupture of RefractoriesC134 Test Methods for Size,Dimensional Measurements,and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and InsulatingFirebrickNOTE1Chemical analysis of refractory products is determined by acombination of x-ray fluorescence(XRF)and inductively coupled plasma(ICP)using standard reference materials(SRM),including various typesof minerals and refractory materials that are available from the NationalInstitute of Standards and Technology3and other appropriate sources.3.Significance and Use3.1 Alumina-silica refractory brick is produced from vari-ous combinations of alumina and silica-containing materials.These bricks can vary in chemical composition from almost100%alumina and little silica to almost 100%silica and littlealumina.It is therefore useful to establish a classificationscheme based on physical properties and chemical analysis.One group,fireclay brick,is classified based on physicalproperties since some overlap of alumina and silica content canoccur.A second group,high-alumina brick,is classified pri-marily based on alumina content.The classification allowsthose familiar with refractory materials to group similarproducts from various suppliers in a standard and consistentmanner.4.Basis of Classification4.1 Fireclay Brick are divided into five different classes:4.1.1 Super-duty,4.1.2 High-duty,4.1.3 Semi-silica,4.1.4 Medium-duty,and4.1.5 Low-duty.4.2 The super-and high-duty classes are divided further intothree types under each class.4.3 High-Alumina Brick are divided into seven differentclasses by percent alumina:4.3.1 50,4.3.2 60,4.3.3 70,4.3.4 80,4.3.5 85,4.3.6 90,and4.3.7 99.5.Properties5.1 The properties required for compliance with a class ortype are shown in Table 1.6.Test Specimens6.1 Testing for compliance with this classification shall beperformed on 9 by 412by 212or 3-in.(228 by 114 by 64 or76-mm)rectangular brick as made,or on specimens of eithersize cut from larger units having dimensions not more than 3in.(76 mm)in thickness,634in.(171 mm)in width,and 1312in.(342 mm)in length.1This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 onRefractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.92 on The JosephE.Kopanda Subcommittee for Editorial,Terminology and Classification.Current edition approved Sept.1,2013.Published September 2013.Originallyapproved in 1958.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C27 98(2008).DOI:10.1520/C0027-98R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST),Gaithersburg,MD 20899.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.Test Methods7.1 The properties enumerated in this classification shall bedetermined in accordance with the following ASTM testmethods:7.1.1 Pyrometric Cone Equivalent(PCE)Test MethodC24.7.1.2 Reheat Test for Super-Duty Brick(2910F,1600C)Schedule C of Test Method C113.7.1.3 Load Test(2460F,1350C)Schedule No.2 ofMethod C16.7.1.4 Modulus of RuptureTest Methods C133.7.1.5 Bulk DensityTest Methods C134.7.1.6 Silica and Alumina ContentsXRF and ICP.8.Retests8.1 If variables result from sampling or a lack of satisfactoryreproducibility in tests conducted by different laboratories,thematerial shall be resampled and retested when requested byeither the manufacturer or the purchaser.This is applicable ininstances when the first test results do not conform to therequirements prescribed in this cla