ASTM_D_1475_-_13.pdf

Designation:D147513Standard Test Method ForDensity of Liquid Coatings,Inks,and Related Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1475;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of density ofpaints,inks,varnishes,lacquers,and components thereof,otherthan pigments,when in fluid form.1.2 For higher precision when working with nonpigmentedmaterials(drying oils,varnishes,resins and related materials),Test Method D1963 can be used to determine specific gravityand,thence,density.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3.1 ExceptionThe values for density are to be stated ininch-pound units.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.A specific precau-tion statement is given in 8.1.1.1.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1963 Test Method for Specific Gravity of Drying Oils,Varnishes,Resins,and Related Materials at 25/25C(Withdrawn 2004)3D4052 Test Method for Density,Relative Density,and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterE180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTMMethods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-cialty Chemicals(Withdrawn 2009)3E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 density,nthe mass of a unit volume of a material ata specified temperature.In this method,it is expressed as theweight in grams per millilitre,or as the weight in poundsavoirdupois of one U.S.gallon,of the liquid at the specifiedtemperature;in the absence of other temperature specification,25C is assumed.3.1.2 specific gravity(relative density),nthe ratio of themass of a unit volume of a material at a stated temperature tothe mass of the same volume of distilled water at the sametemperature.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The accurately known absolute density of distilled waterat various temperatures(Table 1)is used to calibrate thevolume of a container.The weight of the paint liquid contentsof the same container at the standard temperature(25C)or atan agreed-upon temperature is then determined and density ofthe contents calculated in terms of grams per millilitre,orpounds per gallon at the specified temperature.5.Significance and Use5.1 Density is weight per unit volume.It is a key property inthe identification,characterization,and quality control of awide range of materials.Density measurements in terms ofweight per gallon are commonly used to check paint quality.Ifthe density is not within specification,there is a good chancethat there was a mischarge or other serious problem.5.2 This test method is suitable for the determination ofdensity of paint and related products and components when inliquid form.It is particularly applicable when the fluid has toohigh a viscosity or when a component is too volatile for adensity balance determination.5.3 This test method provides for the maximum accuracyrequired for hiding power determinations.It is equally suitablefor work in which less accuracy is required,by ignoring the1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.24 on Physical Properties of Liquid Paints and Paint Materials.Current edition approved Nov.1,2013.Published December 2013.Originallyapproved in 1957.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D1475 98(2012).DOI:10.1520/D1475-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 directions for recalibration and consideration of temperaturedifferentials,and using as the container a“weight-per-gallon”cup.5.4 Automatic equipment for measuring density is available(see Test Method D4052)from several manufacturers.Suchapparatus has been used for resins and latices as well as for oilsand solvents.Before such equipment is used for a givenproduct,results must be checked very carefully.Particularlywith paints,inks,and resins,the