ASTM_D_2090_-_98.pdf

Designation:D 2090 98Standard Test Method forClarity and Cleanness of Paint and Ink Liquids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2090;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the visualexamination of any unpigmented liquid for use in paints andinks,including fatty oils and acids,drier solutions,solvents,miscellaneous chemicals,varnishes,resin solutions,clear lac-quers,and other clear coatings for the presence or absence ofundesirable components.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittanceof Transparent Plastics2D 1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-Vehicle Systems3D 1545 Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquidsby Bubble Time Method43.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 There are various terms for clarity or cleanness ofliquids,which are established as trade vernacular in describingundesirable components of a liquid.The following seven arepreferred over the other terms(in bold face)related to them:3.1.2 foreign matterany visible material unrelated to thetrue origin of the liquid specified.3.1.3 sedimentany solid which can settle or be centri-fuged from the main portion of the liquid,for example,foots,meal,grain,gum.3.1.4 skinspartial solid layers of material which mayform,from the material itself or otherwise.3.1.5 turbida relatively great amount of nonsettling floc,gels,suspended matter,particles,droplets,or other in-soluble or separated matter,even though the liquid istranslucent and transmits at least a little light.3.1.6 hazya relatively small amount of nonsettling,finelydispersed matter which is not visibly homogeneous with themass of the liquid specified,even though the liquid is trans-parent and transmits most of the light incident upon it.3.1.7 cleara complete lack of any visible nonuniformitywhen viewed in mass,in bottles or test tubes,by strongtransmitted light.3.1.8 cleana complete lack of any visible nonuniformitysometimes referred to as seeds,when viewed in thin films byany macroscopic or microscopic use of visible light.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample is visually examined in its original con-tainer,in the specified sample containers,and then in a filmthin enough to show any nonuniformity.5.Significance and Use5.1 The results of the clarity and cleanness examinations areused as controls in production,and for specification acceptanceof any nonpigmented liquid used in paints and inks.6.Sampling6.1 Sampling of one or more containers of a liquid isespecially important for the validity of a clarity or cleannesstest,and each type of container,such as tank car,tanktruck,drum,carboy,etc.,requires its own detailed sampling proce-dure.Temperature conditions and periods affect amounts ofsolidified matter which may form,or volatilized matter lost,such as phosphatides,waxes,or high melting acids solidifiedfrom fatty oils or acids,or low boiling solvents volatilized fromvarnishes,resin solutions,etc.Therefore,the precise mechan-ics,the date,time and temperature of sampling,the type ofsample container and the temperature of the container,light,and any other critical sample storage conditions shall bespecified.7.Conditioning Sample7.1 Because limits may be desired on the amounts of gumsor other solids which will separate from a liquid very slowly atvarious temperatures,specify limits of a time and temperatureschedule for conditioning the specimen and for making the1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D 01.33 on Polymers and Resins.Current edition approved June 10,1998.Published August 1998.Originallypublished as D 2090 62 T.Last previous edition D 2090 88(1993).2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 08.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 06.01.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 06.03.1AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS100 Barr Harbor Dr.,West Conshohocken,PA 19428Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards.Copyright ASTMexamination.When not stated otherwise,the sample is pre-sumed to have been stable for any period of time and observedat 77F(25C).8.Procedure8.1 Examine all parts of the sample and its container underat least 50 ft-candles(53.8 1x)of light for any nonuniformity.8.2 Transfer some of the sample to fill a clean Gardner-Holdt tube as specified in Test M