ASTM_D_2270_-_10e1.pdf

Designation:D2270101British Standard 4459Designation:226/91(95)Standard Practice forCalculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40and 100C1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2270;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1NOTECorrected equation references in 5.2.4.2 editorially in March 2011.1.Scope*1.1 This practice2covers the procedures for calculating theviscosity index of petroleum products,such as lubricating oils,and related materials from their kinematic viscosities at 40 and100C.NOTE1The results obtained from the calculation of VI from kine-matic viscosities determined at 40 and 100C are virtually the same asthose obtained from the former VI system using kinematic viscositiesdetermined at 37.78 and 98.89C.1.2 This practice does not apply to petroleum products withkinematic viscosities less than 2.0 mm2/s at 100C.Table 1given in this practice applies to petroleum products withkinematic viscosities between 2 and 70 mm2/s at 100C.Equations are provided for calculating viscosity index forpetroleum products having kinematic viscosities above70 mm2/s at 100C.1.2.1 In cases where kinematic viscosity data are not avail-able at temperatures of 40 and 100C,an estimate may be madeof the viscosity index by calculating the kinematic viscosity attemperatures of 40 and 100C from data obtained at othertemperatures.Such viscosity index data may be considered assuitable for information only and not for specification pur-poses.See Test Method D341,Annex A1.1.3 The kinematic viscosity values are determined withreference to a value of 1.0034 mm2/s at 20.00C for distilledwater.The determination of the kinematic viscosity of apetroleum product shall be carried out in accordance with TestMethods D445,D7042,IP 71,or ISO 3104.1.3.1 If Viscosity Index calculated for a given sample usingkinematic viscosity measurements from different test methodsare in disagreement,the values calculated from Test MethodD445 measurements shall be accepted.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4.1 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.For user reference,1 mm2/s=10-6m2/s=1 cSt.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D341 Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Charts for LiquidPetroleum ProductsD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D1695 Terminology of Cellulose and Cellulose DerivativesD7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density ofLiquids by Stabinger Viscometer(and the Calculation ofKinematic Viscosity)E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.In the IP,this practice is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Committeeand issued under the fixed designation IP 226.The final number indicates the yearof last revision.Current edition approved Oct.1,2010.Published November 2010.Originallyapproved in 1964.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D227004.DOI:10.1520/D2270-10.2Supporting data(Metrication of Viscosity Index System Method D2270)havebeen filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requestingResearch Report RR:D02-1009.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 2.2 ISO Standards:4ISO 3104 Petroleum ProductsTransparent and OpaqueLiquidsDetermination of Kinematic Viscosity and Cal-culation of Dynamic Viscosity2.3 Energy Institute Standard:5IP 71 Determination of Kinematic Viscosity and Calculationof Dynamic Viscosity3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 viscosity index,nan arbitrary number used to char-acterize the variation of the kinematic viscosity of a petroleumproduct with temperature.3.1.1.1 DiscussionFor oils of similar kinematic viscosity,the higher the viscosity index the smaller the eff