ASTM_D_1177_-_12.pdf

Designation:D117712Standard Test Method forFreezing Point of Aqueous Engine Coolants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1177;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the freez-ing point of an aqueous engine coolant solution in thelaboratory.NOTE1Where solutions of specific concentrations are to be tested,they shall be prepared from representative samples as directed in PracticeD1176.Secondary phases separating on dilution need not be separated.NOTE2These products may also be marketed in a ready-to-use form(prediluted).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solu-tions of Engine Coolants orAntirusts for Testing PurposesE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 freezing pointthe temperature at which crystalliza-tion begins in the absence of supercooling,or the maximumtemperature reached immediately after initial crystal formationin the case of supercooling,or the temperature at which solidcrystals,formed on cooling,disappear when the temperature ofthe specimen is allowed to rise.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method involves the determination of thetime-temperature curve prior to freezing and the determinationof the horizontal or flattened portion of the freezing curve.Thefreezing point is taken as the intersection of projections of thecooling curve and the freezing curve.If the solutionsupercools,the freezing point is the maximum temperaturereached after supercooling.5.Significance and Use5.1 The freezing point of an engine coolant indicates thecoolant freeze protection.5.2 The freezing point of an engine coolant may be used todetermine the approximate glycol content,provided the glycoltype is known.6.Apparatus6.1 Freezing Point Apparatus,shown assembled in Fig.1,consisting of the following:6.1.1 Cooling Bath,in which the refrigerant is contained,consisting of a standard 1.9-L(2-qt)Dewar flask.The flaskmay be silvered or unsilvered,and is supported in a close-fitting container.A pad of glass wool is placed in the bottom ofthe flask to protect it from damage by tip of freezing tube.6.1.2 Freezing Tube3consisting of a 200-mL(6.8-oz.)unevacuated,unsilvered Dewar flask.The tube is closed by acork having a central hole for the thermocouple orthermometer,a second hole placed to one side for passage ofthe stirring rod,and a third hole for introducing wire forseeding at appropriate time.6.1.3 Stirring Mechanism,consisting of a five-coil stirrerformed of stainless steel wire 1.6 mm(116in.)in diameter.Thecoils are so spaced that,in the extreme upward position duringoperation,no coils are exposed above the surface of thesample.The stirrer is agitated by means of an ordinarywindshield wiper motor or other motor devices,operatingthrough suitable linkages so as to provide linear motion of the1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD15.03 on Physical Properties.Current edition approved Oct.1,2012.Published November 2012.Originallyapproved in 1951.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1177 07.DOI:10.1520/D1177-12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3For routine work,a tube with a seeding tip as described in the paper by R.E.Mallonee and F.L.Howard,“The Determination of Freezing Point of EngineAntifreeze,”in the February 1951 issue of the ASTM Bulletin may be used.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 stirrer.The length of the stroke is adjusted so that the coil justclears the bottom of the freezing-point tube at low point of thestroke.6.1.4 Temperature MeasurementAresistance thermometeror a multi-junction copper-constantan thermocouple may beused with suitable measuring instruments,providing these givean over-all sensitivity of 0.1C(0.2F).The instrument shall becalibrated befo