ASTM_D_1461_-_11.pdf

Designation:D146111Standard Test Method forMoisture or Volatile Distillates in Bituminous PavingMixtures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1461;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination,by directmeasurement,of moisture or volatile fractions of the bitumenin bituminous paving mixtures.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D979 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Paving MixturesD6997 Test Method for Distillation of Emulsified Asphalt3.Significance and Use3.1 This test method is used for determining either theamount of moisture or the amount of volatile petroleumdistillates in bituminous paving mixtures.4.Apparatus4.1 Metal Still A vertical cylindrical still,similar to thatused in Test Methods D6997,having a faced flange at the topto which the head is tightly attached by means of a clamp.Thehead shall be of metal,preferably of copper or brass,and shallhave tube opening of 25.4 mm(1 in)of inside diameter tofacilitate attachment of the specified trap/condenser assembly.4.2 Condenser,of the water-cooled reflux glass-tube type,having a condenser jacket not less than 400 mm(1534in.)longwith an inner tube 9.5 to 12.7 mm(38to12in.)in outsidediameter.The end of the condenser inserted in the trap shall beground off at an angle of 30 from the vertical axis of thecondenser.For mixtures with very volatile solvents,it may benecessary to supplement this water-cooled condenser with asecond water-cooled condenser of approximately the samedimensions.4.3 Trap,of well-annealed glass,of one of the followingtypes depending upon the purpose of the test:4.3.1 For determination of water in bituminous pavingmixtures,a glass trap of 10 or 25-mL capacity shall be used.The trap shall be graduated in 0.1-mL divisions with60.05-mL maximum error below 1 mL,and in 0.2-mLdivisions with a 60.1-mL maximum error above 1 mL,asspecified in Table 1 and Fig.1,Fig.2,Fig.3,and Fig.4.Tapered Ball traps require adaptors for connection to the metalstill.4.3.2 For determination of the volatile fractions of thebitumen,the trap shall conform to the dimensions shown inFig.5.4.4 SolventFor general use,an aromatic solvent ispreferred,since it has high solvency and dispersing power formost bituminous materials.Xylene,or a blend of 20%tolueneand 80%xylene,is recommended.For asphalts and similarpetroleum products,a petroleum distillate,5%boiling be-tween 90 and 100C,and 90%distilling below 210C may beused.For coal-tar,water-gas tar,and similar materials,thearomatic solvent must be used.4.5 Heating Device Any satisfactory source of heat thatwill be capable of maintaining a rate of distillation of 85 to 95drops/min.5.Sampling5.1 Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with theprocedures set forth in Test Methods D979.5.2 The sample shall be representative of the material andshall be of such size as practical to fill the container in which1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.25 onAnalysis of Bituminous Mixtures.Current edition approved Dec.15,2011.Published December 2011.Originallyapproved in 1956.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D1461 85(2006).DOI:10.1520/D1461-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 it is transported to the laboratory.For duplicate tests a 1.9-L(12-gal)friction-top tin pail full of the material would besatisfactory.6.Test Specimen and Sample6.1 Thoroughly mix the sample and weigh out an amountestimated to show a percentage of moisture or diluent withinthe capacity of the trap calibration.Keep the remainder of thesample in its tightly covered container.The weighed sampleshould be preferably not less than 500 g for normal mixtures.Thoroughly break up this sample to avoid larger lumps,andplace it in the still.7.Procedure for Determination of Moisture7.1 After the sample has been placed in the still,add 200 mLof the solvent and quickl