ASTM_D_2261_-_13.pdf

Designation:D226113Standard Test Method forTearing Strength of Fabrics by the Tongue(Single Rip)Procedure(Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile TestingMachine)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2261;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the tearingstrength of textile fabrics by the tongue(single rip)procedureusing a recording constant-rate-of-extension-type(CRE)ten-sile testing machine.1.1.1 The CRE-type tensile testing machine has become thepreferred test apparatus for determining tongue tearingstrength.It is recognized that some constant-rate-of-traverse-type(CRT)tensile testing machines continue to be used.As aconsequence,these test instruments may be used when agreedupon between the purchaser and the supplier.The conditionsfor use of the CRT-type tensile tester are included in AppendixX1.1.2 This test method applies to most fabrics includingwoven fabrics,air bag fabrics,blankets,napped fabrics,knitfabrics,layered fabrics,pile fabrics and non-wovens.Thefabrics may be untreated,heavily sized,coated,resin-treated,or otherwise treated.Instructions are provided for testingspecimens with or without wetting.1.3 Tear strength,as measured in this test method,requiresthat the tear be initiated before testing.The reported valueobtained is not directly related to the force required to initiateor start a tear.1.4 Two calculations for tongue tearing strength are pro-vided:the single-peak force and the average of five highestpeak forces.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded as the standard.The inch-pound units maybe approximate.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for TextilesD123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD629 Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of TextilesD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD2904 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile TestMethod that Produces Normally Distributed Data(With-drawn 2008)3D2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias forTextiles(Withdrawn 2008)3D4848 Terminology Related to Force,Deformation andRelated Properties of TextilesD4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric TestMethods3.Terminology3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.60,Fabric TestMethods,Specific,refer to Terminology D4850.3.2 For all terminology related to Force,Deformation andRelated Properties of Textiles,refer to Terminology D4848.3.2.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:cross-machine direction,CD,fabric,machine direction,MD,peak force,in tear testing of fabrics,tearing force,in fabric,tearing strength,in fabric.3.3 For all other terminology related to textiles,refer toTerminology D123.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60 on Fabric Test Methods,Specific.Current edition approved Jan.1,2013.Published February 2013.Originallyapproved in 1964.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D226111.DOI:10.1520/D2261-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Arectangular specimen,cut in the center of a short edgeto form a two-tongued(trouser shaped)specimen,in which onetongue of the specimen is gripped in the upper jaw and theother tongue is gripped in the lower jaw of a tensile testingmachine.The separation of the jaws is continuously increasedto apply a force to propagate the tear.At the same time,theforce developed is recorded.The force to continue the tear iscalculated from autographic chart recorders or microprocessordata collection systems.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for accep-tance testing of commercial shipments since current estimatesof between-laboratory precision are acceptable,and the testmethod is used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences inreported test results when using this test