ASTM_D_2022_-_89_2016.pdf

Designation:D202289(Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Methods ofSampling and Chemical Analysis of Chlorine-ContainingBleaches1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2022;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the sampling and chemicalanalysis of chlorine-containing bleaches.The methods appearin the following order:SectionsSodium Hypochlorite(Soda Bleach)Solutions:Sampling5Available Chlorine6 9Sodium Chlorate10 14Total Chlorine15 18Sodium Chloride19 and 20Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide(Na2O)21 24Free Alkali as Sodium Hydroxide(NaOH)25 28Calcium Hypochlorite:Sampling30Available Chlorine31 34Water35 40Chloroisocyanuric Acids and Their Derived Salts:Sampling42Available Chlorine(IodometricThiosulfate Method)43 46Available Chlorine(ArseniteIodometric Method)47 50Moisture51 541.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Material SafetyData Sheets are available for reagents and materials.Reviewthem for hazards prior to usage.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent Water3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 available chlorinethe measure of the oxidizing pow-der of the chlorine present as hypochlorite.It is expressed interms of chlorine with a gram-equivalent weight of 35.46.4.Reagents4.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests.Unless otherwise indicated,it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.3Other grades may beused,provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.4.2 Unless otherwise indicated,references to water shall beunderstood to mean reagent water conforming to SpecificationD1193.SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE(SODA BLEACH)SOLUTIONS5.Sampling5.1 The stability of soda bleach is influenced to a consider-able degree by the purity of the alkali used in its preparation,by the excess of alkali remaining,and by the kind and amountof metal contamination from equipment.Owing to the rela-tively unstable nature of bleach solutions,special attentionshall be given to the collection and preservation of the sample.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 onSoaps and Other Detergents and are the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD12.12 on Analysis and Specifications of Soaps,Synthetics,Detergents and theirComponents.Current edition approved July 1,2016.Published August 2016.Originallyapproved in 1962.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D2022 89(2008).DOI:10.1520/D2022-89R16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Reagent Chemicals,American Chemical Society Specifications,AmericanChemical Society,Washington,DC.For suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society,see Analar Standards for LaboratoryChemicals,BDH Ltd.,Poole,Dorset,U.K.,and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary,U.S.Pharmacopeial Convention,Inc.(USPC),Rockville,MD.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 Exposure to heat and sunlight promotes decomposition,andshall be avoided.Samples shall be kept cool in a dark place(orin dark-colored bottles)until analyzed,which shall be donewithout unnecessary delay.5.2 Strong solutions of bleach shall be accurately dilutedand aliquots taken for determination of available chlorine,chlorate,and total chlorine.The size of aliquots shall be suchthat approximately 40 mL of the 0.1 N reagent is required.Thealkali determinations shall be made directly on the samplereceived and sample sizes to require about 10 mL of 0.1 Nreagent are recommended.5.3 Precision results will require sampling at a standardtemperature such as 20C.Results expressed in terms of weightpercent will require determination of the density or specificgravity.This may be determined with a hydrometer or byweighing the sample,after pipetting the amount to be dilutedfor analysis into a tared weighing bottle.The weighed samplemay be transferred to a volumetric flask and used for subse-quent analysis.AVAILABLE CHLORINE6.Summary of Te