ASTM_D_1971_-_11.pdf

Designation:D197111Standard Practices forDigestion of Water Samples for Determination of Metals byFlame Atomic Absorption,Graphite Furnace AtomicAbsorption,Plasma Emission Spectroscopy,or PlasmaMass Spectrometry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1971;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 Most atomic absorption and plasma emission spectros-copy,and plasma-mass spectrometric test methods require thatthe metals of interest be dissolved in a liquid phase beforebeing introduced into the spectrophotometer.These practicesdescribe digestion or dissolution procedures whereby analytemetals associated with the solid fraction of a sample can bebrought into solution for subsequent analysis.The followingpractices are included:SectionsPractice ADigestion with Mineral Acids andElevated Pressure8 through 13Practice BDigestion with Mineral Acids andHeating at Atmospheric Pressure14 through 19Practice CIn-bottle digestion with Mineral Acids20 through 251.2 These practices have been demonstrated to be applicableto a wide variety of sample types and sample matrices,and inmany cases,will give complete dissolution of the analytemetals of interest.They are by no means the only digestionprocedures available.1.3 The user of these practices should be cautioned thatthese practices may not completely dissolve all portions of asamples solid phase and may not give complete recovery ofthe desired analyte metals.In these cases,other digestiontechniques are available that will effect complete dissolution ofa sample.It is the users responsibility to ensure the validity ofthese practices for use on their particular sample matrix,fortheir metals of interest.1.4 This practice assumes that the criteria established inGuide D3856 can be met.1.5 These digestion procedures have been selected for theirwide application,low cost,and ease of use.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific hazardstatements are given in Section 6.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D511 Test Methods for Calcium and Magnesium In WaterD857 Test Method for Aluminum in WaterD858 Test Methods for Manganese in WaterD1068 Test Methods for Iron in WaterD1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1687 Test Methods for Chromium in WaterD1688 Test Methods for Copper in WaterD1691 Test Methods for Zinc in WaterD1886 Test Methods for Nickel in WaterD1976 Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively-Coupled Argon Plasma Atomic Emission SpectroscopyD3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed ConduitsD3372 Test Method for Molybdenum in WaterD3557 Test Methods for Cadmium in WaterD3558 Test Methods for Cobalt in WaterD3559 Test Methods for Lead in WaterD3645 Test Methods for Beryllium in WaterD3856 Guide for Management Systems in LaboratoriesEngaged in Analysis of WaterD3866 Test Methods for Silver in WaterD3919 Practice for Measuring Trace Elements in Water byGraphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry1These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Waterand are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituentsin Water.Current edition approved April 1,2011.Published April 2011.Originallyapproved in 1991.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D1971 02(2006).DOI:10.1520/D1971-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 D4190 Test Method for Elements in Water by Direct-CurrentPlasma Atomic Emission SpectroscopyD4191 Test Method for Sodium in Water byAtomicAbsorp-tion SpectrophotometryD4192 Test Method for Potassium in Water by AtomicAbsorption SpectrophotometryD4309 Practice for Sample Digestion Using Closed VesselMicrowave Heating Technique for the Determination ofTotal Metals in WaterD4691 Practice for Measuring Elements in Water by FlameAtomic Absorption SpectrophotometryD5673 Test Method for Elements in Water by InductivelyCoupled PlasmaMass Spectrometry2.2 U.S.EPA Method:EPA-600/4-79-020 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Wa-ter and Wastes3EPA-600/R-94/111 Methods for the Determination