ASTM_D_2883_-_95_2009.pdf

Designation:D288395(Reapproved 2009)Standard Test Method forReaction Threshold Temperature of Liquid and SolidMaterials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2883;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers determination of the pre-flame,cool-flame,and hot-flame reaction threshold temperatures andthe incipient reaction temperature of liquids and solids.Datamay be obtained at pressures from low vacuum to 0.8 MPa(115 psia)for temperatures within the range from roomtemperature to 925 K(1200F).1.2 This test method may be applied to any substance that isa liquid or a solid at room temperature and atmosphericpressure and that,at room temperature,is compatible withglass and stainless steel.Air is the intended oxidizing medium;however,other media may be substituted provided appropriateprecautions are taken for their safe use.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.In cases where materials,products,or equipment areavailable in inch-pound units only,SI units are omitted.1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe theresponse of materials,products,or assemblies to heat andflame under controlled conditions,but does not by itselfincorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire riskassessment of the materials,products,or assemblies underactual fire conditions.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specificwarning statements,see 6.8,Sections 7 and 9.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2021 Specification for Neutral Detergent,40 PercentAlky-lbenzene Sulfonate Type(Withdrawn 2000)3E659 Test Method for Autoignition Temperature of LiquidChemicals2.2Military Standards:4MIL-C-81302 TrichlorotrifluoroethaneMIL-T-7003 Trichloroethylene3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 catalytic reaction,na fast,self-sustaining,energetic,sometimes luminous,sometimes audible reaction that occurs asa result of catalytic action on the surface of the thermocoupleor other solid surface within the combustion chamber.3.1.2 cool-flame reaction,na relatively slow,self-sustaining,barely luminous reaction of the sample or itsdecomposition products with the atmosphere in the combustionchamber.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThis type of flame is visible only in adarkened area.Figs.1-4 illustrate the type of temperaturerecords obtained for cool-flames.3.1.3 hot-flame reaction,na rapid,self-sustaining,luminous,sometimes audible reaction of the sample or itsdecomposition products with the atmosphere in the combustionchamber.3.1.3.1 DiscussionA yellow or blue flame usually accom-panies the reaction.Figs.5-7 illustrate the type of temperaturerecords obtained for hot-flames.3.1.4 incipient reaction temperature,nthe temperatureobtained by extrapolation of a plot of the reciprocal of thereaction delay time versus the initial reaction temperature tothat value of the reciprocal which represents infinite delay(t1=0)(Fig.8).3.1.4.1 DiscussionThe detection of sample reactions andthe distinctions between different reactions are based upon therecords produced by the various sensing devices used in theapparatus.The temperature record is basic to the method and1This test method is under the jursidiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.L0.07 on Engineering Sciences of High Performance Fluids andSolids(Formally D02.1100).Current edition approved Oct.1,2009.Published November 2009.Originallyapproved in 1970.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D288395(2005).DOI:10.1520/D2883-95R09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk,Bldg 4,Section D,700Robbins Ave.,Philadelphia,PA 19111-5094.Attn:NPODS.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 shall be regarded as the primary source of such data.The useof a pressure record and the records of other sensing devices toobtain additional data is optional.3.1.5 noncombustive reaction,na reaction other than com-bustion or thermal degradation undergone by certain materialsupon exposure to elevated temperatures.3.1.5.1 Disc