ASTM_D_2320_-_98_2022e1.pdf

Designation:D232098(Reapproved 2022)1Standard Test Method forDensity(Relative Density)of Solid Pitch(PycnometerMethod)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2320;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEEditorially updated Section 15 in August 2022.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of density andrelative density by pycnometer,and can be used for pitch thatcan be handled in fragments.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4296 Practice for Sampling PitchE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 density,nthe mass per unit of volume at a standardtest temperature.3.1.2 relative density,nthe ratio of the mass of a givenvolume of the material at a standard test temperature to that ofan equal volume of water at the same temperature.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample is weighed and its volume determined bythe mass of water displaced.5.Significance and Use5.1 Values of density and relative density are used forconverting volumes to units of mass as required in otherASTMstandards and in sales transactions.6.Apparatus6.1 Glass Pycnometer,capacity about 25 mL,with accu-rately fitting glass stopper with a capillary tube 1.0 mm to2.0 mm in diameter.6.2 Water Bath,maintained at 25.0 C 6 0.1 C and pro-vided with mechanical stirring.6.3 Vacuum Pump or Aspirator,capable of producing avacuum of 2.7 kPa(20 torr).NOTE120 torr=20 mm Hg=2.66 kPa.6.4 Manometer,suitable for measuring the specifiedvacuum.6.5 Vacuum Desiccator with Guard.6.6 Sieves,U.S.Standard 2.36 mm(No.8)and 600 m(No.30)conforming to Specification E11.7.Reagents and Materials7.1 Wetting Agent,0.1 g mL Aerosol OT.7.2 Wetting Agent,0.1 g mL BRU 35(Alyoxyethylene do-decyl ether,detergent.8.Bulk Sampling8.1 Samples from shipments shall be taken in accordancewith Practice D4296 and shall be free of foreign substances.Thoroughly mix the sample immediately before removing arepresentative portion for the determination or for dehydration.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.05 on Properties of Fuels,Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.Current edition approved July 1,2022.Published August 2022.Originallyapproved in 1964.Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D2320 98(2017).DOI:10.1520/D2320-98R22E01.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.19.Dehydration9.1 All bulk samples suspected of having free moisture shallbe air-dried or oven-dried at 50 C in a forced-air oven beforeanalyzing.10.Preparation of Test Sample10.1 Crush a 50 g to 100 g representative portion of the drypitch until all of it passes through the 2.36 mm(No.8)sieve.Avoid grinding the pitch.Remove the fines by screeningthrough the 600 m(No.30)sieve and use the pitch retained onthis sieve as the test sample.If desired,small lumps of pitchmay be used without crushing,provided the lumps pass the2.36 mm sieve and are retained on the 600 m sieve.In eithercase,follow the evacuation steps described in 12.2.In case ofdispute use the crushing method.11.Calibration of Pycnometer11.1 Weigh the thoroughly clean,dry,and assembled pyc-nometer to the nearest 0.5 mg and record the mass.11.2 Fill the pycnometer with freshly boiled distilled waterthat has been cooled to about 20 C.Insert the stopper with arotary motion to s