ASTM_D_2294_-_96_2016.pdf

Designation:D229496(Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method forCreep Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading(Metal-to-Metal)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2294;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the creepproperties of adhesives for bonding metals when tested on astandard specimen and subjected to certain conditions oftemperature and tensile stress in a spring-loaded testing appa-ratus.1.2 This test method is applicable to the temperature rangefrom 55 to+260C(67 to+500F).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD907 Terminology of AdhesivesD1002 Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-sion Loading(Metal-to-Metal)2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:Tension Creep Test Apparatus33.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsMany terms in this test method are definedin Terminology D907.4.Significance and Use4.1 This test method is useful in research and developmentfor comparison of creep properties of adhesives,particularly asthose properties are affected by changes in adhesive formula-tion or expected service conditions,including temperature,moisture level,and duration of loading.4.2 The relative size and simplicity of design of the spring-loaded apparatus permits easy portability and transfer from oneenvironment to the next without disturbing static loads.4.3 The relative simplicity of design with inexpensivematerials permits replication of creep tests at relatively lowcosts.5.Apparatus5.1 Tension Creep Test Apparatus,as shown in Fig.1.3Itshall consist of a hollow loading chamber,a solid extension rodwith provisions for attachment of test specimens,and ahigh-temperature-resistant spring.A testing machine conform-ing to the requirements of Test Method D638 is required toapply the static load.5.2 Microscope,calibrated,having 100 magnification.6.Test Specimens6.1 Test specimens shall conform to the shape and dimen-sions shown in Fig.2.These specimens are similar to thetension lap shear specimens described in Test Method D1002,except for the holes as shown in Fig.2.6.2 Test at least three specimens for each set of standardconditions of load,time,and temperature.6.3 A complete description of these specimens and themethod of preparation is given in Sections 6,7,and 8 of TestMethod D1002.6.4 For creep measurements,polish the 12.7-mm(12-in.)edges of the bonded area of each test specimen,and scribe withthree fine lines across the bondline(Fig.1).7.Procedure7.1 Attach the test apparatus to a testing machine andcondition to a prescribed test temperature.Place a specimen1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 onAdhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.80 on MetalBonding Adhesives.Current edition approved May 1,2016.Published May 2016.Originallyapproved in 1964.Last previous approved in 2008 as D2294 96(2008).DOI:10.1520/D2294-96R16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Detailed working drawings for the construction of the tensile creep testapparatus are available from ASTM International Headquarters.Order Adjunct No.ADJD2294.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 within the load chamber of the test apparatus(Fig.2),andattach to the chamber and load shaft by means of pins.7.2 Apply the load by the test machine at a rate of 80 to 100kgf/cm2/min(1200 to 1400 psi/min).After reaching the desiredload,turn up the knurled supporting ring to make contact withthe disk(that is,touch plus14turn)supporting the compressedspring.Unload the testing machine,remove the entire creeptest apparatus(except the loading yoke)from the testingmachine,and place it in the desired environment.7.3 To measure total deflection,observe the displacement offine razor marks across both sides of the bond area with acalibrated microscope having 100 magnification.7.4 To measure deflection at various times during the test,especially when the environment is other than roomtemperature,fine scribe lines may be added periodicallyadjacent to the o