ASTM_D_1405_-_D_1405M_-_08_2013.pdf

Designation:D1405/D1405M08(Reapproved 2013)Standard Test Method forEstimation of Net Heat of Combustion of Aviation Fuels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1405/D1405M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the net heat ofcombustion at constant pressure in SI units(megajoules perkilogram)or inch-pound units Btu per pound.1.2 This test method is purely empirical and is applicableonly to liquid hydrocarbon fuels derived by normal refiningprocesses from conventional crude oil,which conform to therequirements of specifications for aviation gasolines,or aircraftturbine and jet engine fuels of limited boiling ranges andcompositions as described in Note 1.NOTE1The estimation of the net heat of combustion of a hydrocarbonfuel from aniline-gravity product is justifiable only when the fuel belongsto a well-defined class for which a relation between heat of combustionand aniline-gravity product has been derived from accurate experimentalmeasurements on representative samples of that class.Even in this case,the possibility that the estimates may be in error by large amounts forindividual fuels should be recognized.The classes of fuels used toestablish the correlation presented in this test method are represented bythe following specifications:FuelSpecificationAviation gasoline fuels:Specification D910Grades 80,82,100/130,and 115/145Specification D6227DEF STAN 9190NATO Code F-18Aviation turbine fuels:MIL-DTL-5624JP-4,Avtag/FSIIDEF STAN 9188NATO Code F-40JP-5,Avcat/FSIIMIL-DTL-5624DEF STAN 9186NATO Code F-44Jet A,Jet A-1,AvturSpecification D1655DEF STAN 9191NATO Code F-351.3 This test method is not applicable to pure hydrocarbons.It is not intended as a substitute for experimental measurementsof heat of combustion.1.4 The heat of combustion may also be determined in SIunits by Test Method D4529.Test Method D4529 requirescalculation of a single equation for all aviation fuels with aprecision equivalent to that of this test method.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products(Gen-eral High Pressure Decomposition Device Method)D240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hy-drocarbon Fuels by Bomb CalorimeterD287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum andPetroleum Products(Hydrometer Method)D611 Test Methods for Aniline Point and Mixed AnilinePoint of Petroleum Products and Hydrocarbon SolventsD910 Specification for Aviation GasolinesD941 Test Method for Density and Relative Density(Spe-cific Gravity)of Liquids by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnom-eter(Withdrawn 1993)3D1217 Test Method for Density and Relative Density(Spe-cific Gravity)of Liquids by Bingham PycnometerD1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement TablesD1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products(LampMethod)1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.05 on Properties of Fuels,Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.Current edition approved May 1,2013.Published August 2013.Originallyapproved in 1956.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D1405/D1405M 08.DOI:10.1520/D1405_D1405M-08R13.This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committee and acceptedby the Cooperating Societies in accordance with established procedures.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 D1298 Test Method for Density,Relative Density,or APIGravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-ucts by Hydrometer MethodD1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine FuelsD2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byWavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spe