ASTM_D_1992_-_17_2022.pdf

Designation:D199217(Reapproved 2022)Standard Guide forTesting Synthetic Plasticizers Used in Rubber1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1992;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers test methods for synthetic plasticizersthat are used in rubber applications.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D70 Test Method for Specific Gravity and Density of Semi-Solid Asphalt Binder(Pycnometer Method)D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by ClevelandOpen Cup TesterD891 Test Methods for Specific Gravity,Apparent,of LiquidIndustrial ChemicalsD1045 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing PlasticizersUsed in PlasticsD1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids(Platinum-Cobalt Scale)D1218 Test Method for Refractive Index and RefractiveDispersion of Hydrocarbon LiquidsD1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids(Gard-ner Color Scale)D1962 Test Method for Saponification Value of Drying Oils,Fatty Acids,and Polymerized Fatty Acids(Withdrawn2004)3D2111 Test Methods for Specific Gravity and Density ofHalogenated Organic Solvents and Their AdmixturesD2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational ViscometerD2288 Test Method for Weight Loss of Plasticizers onHeating(Withdrawn 2010)3E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl FischerTitrationE1953 Practice for Description of Thermal Analysis andRheology Apparatus3.Significance and Use3.1 Synthetic plasticizers are primarily esters and they areused with the more polar elastomers such as CR or NBR toimprove processing,adjust hardness,and improve low tem-perature properties.These esters may be either monomeric orpolymeric and are derived from many different organic acids.3.2 These test methods may be used in establishing andconfirming quality control standards for the synthetic plasticiz-ers used in rubber compounding.It is not implied that the testmethods in this guide are the only ones of significance,butthese test methods list the properties most commonly specifiedfor ester plasticizers.Other parameters may be needed forspecific application of these materials.4.Sampling4.1 The method of sampling for either tank cars or drums isdescribed in Test Methods D1045.5.Volatility5.1 Volatility is normally measured as mass loss after 2 hand 24 h when tested at 155 C.The procedure is described inTest Method D2288.6.Moisture6.1 The moisture content should be determined using theKarl Fischer reagent procedure as described in Test MethodE203.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D11 on Rubber andRubber-like Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D11.20 onCompounding Materials and Procedures.Current edition approved Oct.1,2022.Published October 2022.Originallyapproved in 1991.Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D1992 17.DOI:10.1520/D1992-17R22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.17.Acid Number7.1 The acid number,expressed as milligrams of KOH pergram of plasticizer,may be determined from Test MethodsD1045.8.Saponification Number8.1 The saponification value is expressed in milligrams pergram of plasticizer and may be determined by Test MethodD1962.9.Color9.1 For clear light colored plasticizers,the APHA platinum-cobalt color standards may be used as described in Test MethodD1209,but for darker or more oily plasticizers,the Gardnercolor standards are necessary.The Gardner procedure isdescribed in Test Method D1544