ASTM_D_1783_-_01_2012e1.pdf

Designation:D178301(Reapproved 2012)1Standard Test Methods forPhenolic Compounds in Water1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1783;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1NOTEEditorial corrections were made throughout in January 2015.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the preparation of the sampleand the determination of the concentration of phenolic com-pounds in water.They are based on the color reaction of phenol(C6H5OH)with 4-aminoantipyrine and any color produced bythe reaction of other phenolic compounds is reported as phenol.The concentration of phenol measured represents the minimumconcentration of phenolic compounds present in the sample.1.2 Phenolic compounds with a substituent in the parapositionmaynotquantitativelyproducecolorwith4-aminoantipyrine.However,para substituents of phenol suchas carboxyl,halogen,hydroxyl,methoxyl,or sulfonic acidgroups do produce color with 4-aminoantipyrine.1.3 These test methods address specific applications asfollows:RangeSectionsTest Method AChloroform ExtractionTest Method BDirect Photometric0 to 100 g/L0.1 mg/L(100 g/L)11 to 1718 to 241.4 It is the users responsibility to assure the validity of thestandard test method for use in their particular matrix ofinterest.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all the safetyconcerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.For specific hazard statements see6.3.2 and 8.6.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1192 Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steamin Closed Conduits(Withdrawn 2003)3D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1293 Test Methods for pH of WaterD2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias ofApplicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on WaterD3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed ConduitsD5789 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specificationsfor Standard Test Methods for Organic Constituents(Withdrawn 2002)3D5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous SamplesD5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specificationsfor Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in these testmethods,refer to Terminology D1129.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 phenolic compoundshydroxy derivatives of benzeneand its condensed nuclei.4.Summary of Test Methods4.1 Test Method A and Test Method B are photometricprocedures based on the reaction of steam-distillable phenoliccompounds with 4-aminoantipyrine.4.2 Test Method A differs from Test Method B mainly inthat the sample is extracted with chloroform,thereby providing20-fold greater sensitivity.4.3 Both procedures involve first separating the phenoliccompounds from the background matrix by distillation.Due to1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of D19 on Water and are the directresponsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods for Analysis for OrganicSubstances in Water.Current edition approved June 15,2012.Published August 2012.Originallyapproved in 1960.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1783 01R07.DOI:10.1520/D1783-01R12E01.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 the differing solubilities and boiling points of the variousphenolic compounds,each phenolic comes over in the distil-lation at a different rate.Some phenolics will be substantiallytransferred near the beginning of the distillation and some willnot start to distill until near the end.For this reason somephenolics may not have been quantitatively transferred to thereceiving flask when the specified volume of distillate has beencollected.5.Significance and Use5.1 Phenolic compounds are sometimes found in surfacewaters from natural and industrial sources.Their presence instreams and other waterways frequently will cause off flavor infish tissue and other aquatic food.5.2 Chlorination of waters containing phenols may producechlorophenols that are odoriferous and objectionable tasting.6.Interferences6.1 Common interferences that may occur in waters arephenol-decomposing bacteria,reducing substances,andstrongly alkaline conditions of the sample.Provisions incorpo-rated in these t