ASTM_D_2167_-_15.pdf

Designation:D216715Standard Test Method forDensity and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the RubberBalloon Method1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2167;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the in-place density and unit weight of compacted or firmly bondedsoil using a rubber balloon apparatus.1.2 This test method is suitable for use as a means ofacceptance for compacted fill or embankments constructed offine-grained soils or granular soils without appreciableamounts of rock or coarse material.1.3 This test method also may be used for the determinationof the in-place density and unit weight of undisturbed or in situsoils,provided the soil will not deform under the pressuresimposed during the test.1.4 This test method is not suitable for use in organic,saturated,or highly plastic soils that would deform under thepressures applied during this test.This test method may requirespecial care for use on(1)soils consisting of unbondedgranular materials that will not maintain stable sides in a smallhole,(2)soils containing appreciable amounts of coarsematerial in excess of 37.5 mm(112in.),(3)granular soilshaving high void ratios,or(4)fill materials containing particleswith sharp edges.For soils containing appreciable amounts ofparticles in excess of 37.5 mm(112in.),Test Methods D4914or D5030 should be used.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5.1 In the engineering profession it is customary to useunits representing both mass and force interchangeably,unlessdynamic calculations are involved.This implicitly combinestwo separate systems of units;that is,the absolute system andthe gravitational system.It is scientifically undesirable tocombine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units withina single standard.This standard has been written using thegravitational system of units when dealing with the inch-poundsystem.In this system the pound(lbf)represents a unit of force(weight).However,conversions are given in the SI system.Theuse of balances or scales recording pounds of mass lbm/ft3should not be regarded as nonconforming with this testmethod.1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026 unless superseded by this standard.1.6.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected,recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as theindustry standard.In addition they are representative of thesignificant digits that generally should be retained.The proce-dures used do not consider material variation,purpose forobtaining the data,special purpose studies,or any consider-ations for the users objectives;it is common practice toincrease or reduce significant digits of reported data to becommensurate with these considerations.It is beyond the scopeof this standard to consider significant digits used in analyticalmethods for engineering design.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-istics of Soil Using Standard Effort(12 400 ft-lbf/ft3(600kN-m/m3)D1557 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-istics of Soil Using Modified Effort(56,000 ft-lbf/ft3(2,700 kN-m/m3)1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.08 on Special andConstruction Control Tests.Current edition approved July 1,2015.Published July 2015.Originally approvedin 1963.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D2167 08.DOI:10.1520/D2167-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 D2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water(Moisture)Content of Soil and Rock by MassD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD4