Designation:D2156−09(Reapproved2013)StandardTestMethodforSmokeDensityinFlueGasesfromBurningDistillateFuels1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD2156;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.ThisstandardhasbeenapprovedforusebyagenciesoftheU.S.DepartmentofDefense.1.Scope1.1Thistestmethodcoverstheevaluationofsmokedensityinthefluegasesfromburningdistillatefuels.Itisintendedprimarilyforusewithhomeheatingequipmentburningkero-sineorheatingoils.Itcanbeusedinthelaboratoryorinthefieldtocomparefuelsforcleanburningortocompareheatingequipment.1.2ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.1.2.1Arbitraryandrelativeunitsarealsoused.1.3Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:2E97TestMethodforDirectionalReflectanceFactor,45-deg0-deg,ofOpaqueSpecimensbyBroad-BandFilterRe-flectometry33.Terminology3.1DefinitionsofTermsSpecifictoThisStandard:3.1.1smokespotnumber,n—thenumberofthespotonthestandardscalemostcloselymatchingthecolor(orshade)ofthetestspot.4.SummaryofTestMethod4.1Atestsmokespotisobtainedbypullingafixedvolumeoffluegasthroughafixedareaofstandardfilterpaper.Thecolor(orshade)ofthespotthusproducedisvisuallymatchedwithastandardscale,andthesmokedensityisexpressedasa“smokespotnumber.”5.SignificanceandUse5.1Thistestmethodprovidesameansofcontrollingsmokeproductioninhomeheatingequipmenttoanacceptablelevel.Excessivesmokedensityadverselyaffectsefficiencybyheat-exchangerfouling.5.2Therangeofsmokedensitiescoveredbythistestmethodisthatwhichhasbeenfoundparticularlypertinenttohome...
