ASTM_D_2137_-_11.pdf

Designation:D213711Standard Test Methods forRubber PropertyBrittleness Point of Flexible Polymersand Coated Fabrics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2137;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the determination of thelowest temperature at which rubber vulcanizates and rubber-coated fabrics will not exhibit fractures or coating cracks whensubjected to specified impact conditions.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D751 Test Methods for Coated FabricsD832 Practice for Rubber Conditioning For Low Tempera-ture TestingD4483 Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test MethodStandards in the Rubber and Carbon Black ManufacturingIndustries3.Summary of Test Methods3.1 A specified number of specimens is given a single-impact under specified impact and temperature conditions untilthe temperature is found at which no failures occur.This isdefined as the brittleness temperature.3.2 There are four test methods:3.2.1 Test Method AThe determination of the lowesttemperature at which rubber vulcanizates will not fracture orcrack(refer to 9.1).3.2.2 Test Method BThe determination of the lowesttemperature at which rubber-coated fabrics will not fracture orexhibit coating cracks(refer to 9.2).3.2.3 Test Method CTesting at a specified temperature andtesting of materials from a supplier(refer to 9.3).This methodis used for the classification of materials and for specificationpurposes.3.2.4 Test Method DThe determination of 50%brittlenesstemperature(refer to 9.4).This is the temperature at which 50%of the specimens fail.3.3 These tests may be performed either in a liquid heattransfer media or in a gaseous media(refer to 9.1.1.9).4.Significance and Use4.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of rubbermaterials or fabrics coated therewith subjected to low-temperature flex with an impact under well-defined conditionsof striker speed.The response is largely dependent on effects oflow temperatures such as crystallization,incompatibility ofplasticizer,or the inherent dynamic behavior of the materialitself.Data obtained by these test methods may be used topredict the product behavior in applications where the condi-tions are similar to those specified in these test methods.4.2 These test methods have been found useful for specifi-cation and development purposes but do not necessarilyindicate the lowest temperature at which the material may beused.5.Apparatus5.1 Specimen Clamp,designed so as to hold firmly thespecimen(s)as cantilever beams(Fig.1).5.2 StrikerThe edge of the striker shall have a radius of1.6 6 0.1 mm(0.063 6 0.005 in.).The edge shall moverelative to the specimen at a rectilinear speed of 2.0 6 0.2 m/s(6.6 6 0.6 ft/s)at impact and immediately after.The speed ofthe solenoid-activated striker should be frequently calibratedby the method described in the annex.Other types of testers1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D11 onRubber and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D11.10 on PhysicalTesting.Current edition approved May 1,2011.Published July 2011.Originally approvedin 1962.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D2137 10.DOI:10.1520/D2137-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 shall be calibrated according to their appropriate methods andmanufacturers instructions.In order to have the requiredspeed,care must be taken to ensure that the striking energy ofat least 3.0 J per specimen is used.NOTE1The striker may be motor-driven,solenoid-operated,gravity-activated or spring-loaded.The motor-driven tester should be equippedwith a safety interlock to prevent striker motion when the cover is open.5.2.1 Position of Striking EdgeThe distance between thecenter line of the striking edge and the clamps shall be 8.0 60.3 mm(0.31 6 0.01 in.).The clearance between the strikingarm and the clamp at and immediately following impact shallbe:5.2.1.1 Test Method A,C,and D6.4 6 0.3 mm(0.25 60.01 in.)5.2.1.2 Test Me