ASTM_D_1782_-_95_2009.pdf

Designation:D178295(Reapproved 2009)Standard Test Methods forOperating Performance of Particulate Cation-ExchangeMaterials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1782;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the determination of theoperating capacity of particulate cation-exchange materialswhen used for the removal of calcium,magnesium,and sodiumions from water.It is intended for use in testing both new andused materials.The following two test methods are included:SectionsTest Method ASodium Cycle8 to 14Test Method BHydrogen Cycle15 to 211.2 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The inch-pound units given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1067 Test Methods for Acidity or Alkalinity of WaterD1126 Test Method for Hardness in WaterD1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2687 Practices for Sampling Particulate Ion-Exchange Ma-terials3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in these testmethods,refer to Terminology D11293.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 Certain terms in these test methods that relate specifi-cally to ion exchange are defined as follows:3.2.2 free mineral aciditythe quantitative capacity ofaqueous media to react with hydroxyl ions to pH 4.3.3.2.3hydrogen cyclethe operation of a cation-exchangecycle wherein the removal of specified cations from influentwater is accomplished by exchange with an equivalent amountof hydrogen ion from the exchange material.3.2.4 theoretical free mineral aciditythe free mineral acid-ity that would result from the conversion of the anions ofstrong acids in solution to their respective free acids.4.Summary of Test Methods4.1 Test Method A consists of repeated cycles of backwash,brine regeneration,rinse,and exhaustion of the sample in theform of a bed in a transparent column.The exhausting mediumused is an ion-exchange test water.4.2 Test Method B consists of repeated cycles of backwash,acid regeneration,rinse,and exhaustion of the sample in theform of a bed in a transparent column.The exhausting mediumused is an ion-exchange test water.5.Apparatus5.1 Test Assemble(see Fig.1),consisting of the following:5.1.1 Column,transparent,vertically supported,25.4 6 2.5mm(1.0 6 0.1 in.)in inside diameter and approximately 1500mm(60 in.)long.The bottom of the column shall be closed andprovided with an outlet of approximately 6-mm inside diam-eter.Connections shall be provided at top and bottom foradmission and removal of solutions as described in Section 10.Adequate means for measuring and regulating flow shall beprovided.Calibrate the column in such a manner that thevolume readings required by the test method can be made.Make all measurements at 25 6 5C.5.1.2 Support,for the sample,so designed that the distancefrom the sample to the column outlet is at least 50 mm.Asuggested supporting bed utilizes quartz,glass beads,or othermaterial 1.5 to 3.5 mm in diameter,insoluble in the reagentsused,and retained on a corrosion-resistant screen.However,other supports such as fritted glass or polyester screens may beused at the discretion of the interested parties.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 onWater and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.08 on Membranes andIon Exchange Materials.Current edition approved May 1,2009.Published June 2009.Originallyapproved in 1960.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1782 95(2007).DOI:10.1520/D1782-95R09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.Reagents6.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests.Unless otherwise indicated,it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.3Other grades may beused,provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.6.2 Purity of Water Unless otherwise indicated,referencesto water shall be understood to mean