ASTM_D_1452_-_09.pdf

Designation:D145209Standard Practice forSoil Exploration and Sampling by Auger Borings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1452;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This practice covers equipment and procedures for theuse of earth augers in shallow depth geotechnical exploration.This practice does not apply to hollow-stem augers.Uses ofhollow-stem auger drilling methods for geotechnical explora-tion are addressed in Test Method D6151.1.2 This practice does not include considerations for geoen-vironmental site characteristics and installation of monitoringwells which are discussed in Guide D5784.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026 unless superseded by this method.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This practice offers a set of instructions for performingone or more specific operations.This document cannot replaceeducation or experience and should be used in conjunctionwith professional judgment.Not all aspects of this practice maybe applicable in all circumstances.This ASTM standard is notintended to represent or replace the standard of care by whichthe adequacy of a given professional service must be judged,nor should this document be applied without consideration ofa projects many unique aspects.The word“Standard”in thetitle of this document means only that the document has beenapproved through the ASTM consensus process.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD1586 Test Method for Penetration Test(SPT)and Split-Barrel Sampling of SoilsD1587 Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Soils forGeotechnical PurposesD2488 Practice for Description and Identification of Soils(Visual-Manual Procedure)D5434 Guide for Field Logging of Subsurface Explorationsof Soil and RockD4750 Test Method for Determining Subsurface LiquidLevels in a Borehole or Monitoring Well(ObservationWell)(Withdrawn 2010)3D5784 Guide for Use of Hollow-Stem Augers for Geoenvi-ronmental Exploration and the Installation of SubsurfaceWater-Quality Monitoring DevicesD6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in GeotechnicalDataD6151 Practice for Using Hollow-StemAugers for Geotech-nical Exploration and Soil Sampling3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor common definitions of terms in thisstandard,refer to Terminology D653.4.Significance and Use4.1 Auger borings often provide the simplest method of soilexploration and sampling.They may be used for any purposewhere disturbed samples can be used and are valuable inconnection with groundwater level determination and indica-tion of changes in strata and advancement of hole for split-barrel penetration tests and sampling(Test Method D1586)and1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.02 on Sampling andRelated Field Testing for Soil Evaluations.Current edition approved Feb.15,2009.Published March 2009.Originallyapproved in 1957.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1452 07a.DOI:10.1520/D1452-09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 thin-walled tube sampling(Practice D1587).Equipment re-quired is simple and readily available.Depths of auger explo-rations are,however,limited by groundwater conditions,soilcharacteristics,and the equipment used.5.Apparatus5.1 Hand-Operated Augers:5.1.1 Helical Augers,(Fig.1(a)small lightweight augersgenerally available in sizes from 1 through 3 in.(25.4 through76.2 mm).5.1.1.1 Spiral-Type Auger,consisting of a flat thin metalstrip,machine twisted to a spiral configuration of uniformpitch;having at one end,a sharpened or hardened point,witha means of attaching a shaft