ASTM_D_1762_-_84_2013.pdf

Designation:D176284(Reapproved 2013)Standard Test Method forChemical Analysis of Wood Charcoal1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1762;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of moisture,volatile matter,and ash in charcoal made from wood.The testmethod is applicable to lumps and briquets and is designed forthe evaluation of charcoal quality.The test method employsapparatus that is found in most laboratories and is adapted toroutine analyses of a large number of samples.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of CokeSamples for Laboratory AnalysisD410 Method of Sieve Analysis of Coal(Withdrawn 1988)3D3176 Practice for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and CokeD3180 Practice for Calculating Coal and Coke Analysesfrom As-Determined to Different Bases3.Summary of Method3.1 The sample is ground in a specified manner and themoisture determined as loss in weight in a drying oven at105C.Volatile matter is determined as loss in weight at 950Cunder specified conditions.Ash is determined as the residueafter burning to constant weight at 750C.4.Significance and Use4.1 Low quality wood and wood residues are used for woodcharcoal.This test method is used for evaluating the charcoalto assess the methods of production and assist in developingnew methods.5.Apparatus5.1 Mill,4for grinding samples.5.2 Oven,with automatic temperature control at 105 6 1C.5.3 Muffle Furnace,to control temperatures at 750 6 5Cand 950 6 5C.5.4 Analytical Balance,with a capacity of at least 100 g anda sensitivity of 0.1 mg.5.5 Containers,airtight,such as screw-top bottles for stor-age of ground samples.5.6 Sieves,as specified in Method D410.5.7 Crucibles,porcelain,41 by 37 mm with porcelain lids.5.8 Desiccator,containing calcium chloride as drying agent.6.Sample6.1 Sample SelectionThe sample shall be selected so as tobe representative of all of the material contained in a lot.Sample selection shall be carried out in accordance withPractices D346,D3176,and D3180.6.2 Sample PreparationSamples will normally be air-drycharcoal lumps or briquets.Rainsoaked or wet samples shall bespread out to air-dry before carrying out the analysis.Forpurchase specifications,the moisture content of the charcoal,asreceived,shall be determined on samples ground to pass a No.20(850-m)sieve,since excessive grinding will result in lossof moisture due to the generation of heat.For laboratoryevaluation,moisture,ash,and volatile matter shall be deter-mined on a sample ground as follows:1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Woodand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.01 on Fundamental TestMethods and Properties.Current edition approved Aug.1,2013.Published August 2013.Originallyapproved in 1960.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1762 84(2007).DOI:10.1520/D1762-84R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4A Wiley Mill,size No.2,with a 1-mm screen,or an equivalent mill has beenfound satisfactory for this purpose.If you are aware of alternative suppliers,pleaseprovide this information to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments willreceive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.2.1 All of the selected sample shall be ground;no part ofthe sample shall be rejected.The sample shall be pulverizedrapidly in a mill.Long grinding times shall be avoided becauseof generated heat which will cause loss of volatile material.Excessive grinding will produce a large amount of fineparticles smaller than a No.100(150-m)sieve.These fineparticles contribute to errors of being swept out of the crucibleduring the rapid evolution of gases in the determination ofvolatile matter.Particles that will be retained on a No.20(850-m)sieve shall not be used.Samples with the followingsieve analysis have been found satisfactory:Passing SieveRetained on SieveSample,%.No.20(850-m)0No.20(850-m)No.40(425-m)14.5No.40(425-m)No.60(250-m)18.7No.60(250-m)No.80(180-m)7.0No.80(180-m)No.100(150-m