ASTM_D_1464_-_12.pdf

Designation:D146412Standard Practice forDifferential Dyeing Behavior of Cotton1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1464;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers a test for the characterization ofcertain dyeing behavior of cotton.This practice is especiallyapplicable to raw cotton fibers,but may also be adapted tocotton yarns and fabrics.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1441 Practice for Sampling Cotton Fibers for TestingD3775 Test Method for Warp(End)and Filling(Pick)Countof Woven FabricsD7139 Terminology for Cotton Fibers3.Terminology3.1 For all terminology related to D13.11,Cotton Fibers,seeTerminology D7139.3.1.1 The following term is relevant to this standard:differ-ential dyeing behavior.3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles,see Termi-nology D123.4.Summary of Practice4.1 Specimens are dyed under specified conditions in a bathcontaining a mixture of prescribed red and green dyes.Theresultant colors are compared with those of cottons of knowndyeing behavior or fiber properties.5.Significance and Use5.1 This practice is not recommended for acceptance testingbecause the information obtained is qualitative rather thanquantitative in nature.5.2 The response of fibers to the dye mixture is indicative ofthe uniformity of dyeing,the probability of dyeing defects dueto neps,and the difficulties to be expected from heterogeneityof fibers that differ in dyeing characteristics.In general,the reddye is retained predominantly by the thick-walled fibers andthe green by the thin-walled fibers.5.3 The color response of the specimens to the dyes in thebinary mixture reflects the behavior to be expected with manyother dyes.The colors from red to green may be influenced byfactors such as weather during the growing period,exposure ofopen bolls in the field before harvest,natural color,fineness,and degree of wall development.6.Apparatus6.1 Balance,having a capacity of 1000 g and a sensitivity of0.05 g.6.2 Beakers,preferably of stainless steel,having capacitiesof 400,1200,2000,and 3000 mL.6.3 Clothes Wringer,or Centrifuge.6.4 Cylinders,graduated,having capacities of 5,10,25,50,100,and 500 mL or Burets(automatic,screw-top,acid-bottletype preferred).6.5 Bchner Filter Funnel,coarse,fritted-disk,80-mm.6.6 Source of Suction.6.7 Sewing Machine,or Needle and Thread.6.8 Timer(with Second Hand),or Stop Watch.6.9 Wiley Mill,laboratory model.7.Reagents and Material7.1 Dyes:7.1.1 CI Direct Green 26(Color Index No.34045),1 g/100mL stock solution.7.1.2 CI Direct Red 81(Color Index No.28160),0.5 g/100mL stock solution.1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.11 on Cotton Fibers.Current edition approved Feb.1,2012.Published March 2012.Originallyapproved in 1957 as 1957T.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D146407.DOI:10.1520/D1464-12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.2 Distilled Water.7.3 Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose,low viscosity.7.4 Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Solution(1%)Dissolve 0.1 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in distilledwater and dilute to 100 mL.NOTE1Any commercially available distilled water or water singlydistilled in laboratory glassware is acceptable.7.5 Sodium Chloride Solution(1%)Dissolve 1 g of re-agent grade NaCl in 100 mL of distilled water.7.6 Bleached Gauze,such as cheesecloth,or gauze having afabric count of 28 by 24 warp and filling threads per 25 mm(see D3775).8.Sampling,Selection,and Number of Specimens8.1 Take a lot sample and laboratory sample as directed inthe applicable material specification or by a plan agreed uponby the parties interested in the test results or,in the absence ofsuch specification or agreement,as directed in Practice D1441.8.2 Take a 3 or 4 g test specimen from the laboratory sampleand place loosely in a closable bleached cotton gauze bag(made from the gauze fabric in 7.6 approximately 100 by 100mm).Alternatively spread out a group of such