ASTM_D_1401_-_12.pdf

Designation:D140112Standard Test Method forWater Separability of Petroleum Oils and Synthetic Fluids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1401;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers measurement of the ability ofpetroleum oils or synthetic fluids to separate from water.Although developed specifically for steam-turbine oils havingviscosities of 28.890 mm2/s at 40C,this test method may beused to test oils of other types having various viscosities andsynthetic fluids at other test temperatures.It is recommended,however,that the test temperature be raised to 82 6 1C whentesting products more viscous than 90 mm2/s at 40C.Forhigher viscosity oils where there is insufficient mixing of oiland water,Test Method D2711 is recommended.Other testtemperatures such as 25C may also be used.A1%sodiumcholoride(NaCl)solution or synthetic seawater may be used inplace of distilled water when testing certain oils or fuels usedin marine applications.1.2 When testing synthetic fluids whose relative densitiesare greater than that of water,the procedure is unchanged,butit should be noted that the water will probably float on theemulsion or liquid.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specificwarning statements,see Section 6.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics ofInhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of WaterD1141 Practice for the Preparation of Substitute OceanWaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2711 Test Method for Demulsibility Characteristics ofLubricating OilsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products2.2 ISO Standards:3BS EN ISO 3696:1995 Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods3.Summary of Test Method3.1 A test specimen consisting of a 40-mL sample and a40-mL quantity of distilled water,or 1%sodium chloride(NaCl)solution or synthetic seawater are stirred for 5 min in agraduated cylinder at 54C or 82C,depending upon theviscosity of the test specimen or sample specification.The timerequired for the separation of the emulsion thus formed isrecorded either after every 5 min or at the specification timelimit.If complete separation or emulsion reduction to 3 mL orless does not occur after standing for 30 min or some otherspecification time limit,the volumes of oil(or fluid),water,andemulsion remaining at the time are reported.4.Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a guide for determining thewater separation characteristics of oils subject to water con-tamination and turbulence.It is used for specification of newoils and monitoring of in-service oils.5.Apparatus5.1 Cylinder,100-mL,graduated from 5 to 100 mL in1.0-mL divisions,made of glass,heat-resistant glass,likeborosilicate glass,or a chemical equivalent.The inside diam-eter shall be no less than 27 mm and no more than 30 mmthroughout its length,measured from the top to a point 6 mm1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.C0.02 on Corrosion and Water/Air Separability.Current edition approved May 15,2012.Published August 2012.Originallyapproved in 1964.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D140110.DOI:10.1520/D1401-12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Organization for Standardization(ISO),1,ch.dela Voie-Creuse,Case postale 56,CH-1211,Geneva 20,Switzerland,http:/www.iso.ch.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 from the bottom of the cylinder.The overall height of thecylinder shall be 225 to 260 mm.The graduation shall not bein error by more than 1 mL at any point on the scale.5.2 Heating Bath,sufficiently large and deep to permit theimmersion of at least two test cylinders in the bath liquid up totheir 85-mL graduations.The bath shall be capable of beingmaintained at a test temperature to within 61C.The cylindershall be secured in a posit