ASTM_D_154_-_85_2009.pdf

Designation:D15485(Reapproved 2009)Standard Guide forTesting Varnishes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D154;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of proceduresfor testing varnishes.Some test methods are included,but mostsections refer to specific ASTM test methods.1.2 Varnishes may be applied under such diverse conditionsto so many different surfaces and their dried films may besubjected to so many kinds of wear and exposure,that it is notpossible to assure desired performance from a single selectionof test methods and numerical results.Those skilled in varnishtechnology may find partial assurance of obtaining desiredqualities in various types of varnishes through careful selectionof the methods covered and intelligent interpretation of results.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup TesterD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup TesterD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D479 Method of Test for Reactivity of Paint Liquids(With-drawn 1984)3D523 Test Method for Specular GlossD658 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of OrganicCoatings by Air Blast Abrasive(Withdrawn 1996)3D968 Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of OrganicCoatings by Falling AbrasiveD1200 Test Method for Viscosity by Ford Viscosity CupD1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids(Platinum-Cobalt Scale)D1310 Test Method for Flash Point and Fire Point of Liquidsby Tag Open-Cup ApparatusD1469 Test Method for Total Rosin Acids Content of Coat-ing Vehicles(Withdrawn 2003)3D1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings,Inks,and Related ProductsD1542 Test Method for Qualitative Detection of Rosin inVarnishes(Withdrawn 1997)3D1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids(Gard-ner Color Scale)D1545 Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids byBubble Time MethodD1546 Practice for Testing the Performance of Clear FloorSealers(Withdrawn 2008)3D1639 Test Method for Acid Value of Organic CoatingMaterials(Withdrawn 2005)3D1640 Test Methods for Drying,Curing,or Film Formationof Organic Coatings at Room TemperatureD1641 Practice for Conducting Outdoor Exposure Tests ofVarnishesD1644 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of VarnishesD1647 Test Methods for Resistance of Dried Films ofVarnishes to Water and Alkali(Withdrawn 2004)3D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and ColorDifferences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque MaterialsD2090 Test Method for Clarity and Cleanness of Paint andInk Liquids(Withdrawn 2007)3D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances andColor Differences from Instrumentally Measured ColorCoordinatesD2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of CoatingsD2805 Test Method for Hiding Power of Paints by Reflec-tometryD3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by SmallScale Closed-Cup Apparatus1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.33 on Polymers and Resins.Current edition approved Dec.1,2009.Published December 2009.Originallyapproved in 1923.Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D154 85(2001).DOI:10.1520/D0154-85R09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 D3964 Practice for Selection of Coating Specimens forAppearance MeasurementsD4039 Test Method for Reflection Haze of High-GlossSurfacesD4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of OrganicCoatings by the Taber AbraserE308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Usingthe CIE SystemLIQUID VARNISH PROPERTIES3.Appearance3.1 Appearance of the liquid varnish is important both foraesthetic reasons and because it indicates whether the driedfilm is likely to have a satisfactory appearance.Examine theliquid varnis