ASTM_D_1736_-_89_scan.pdf

&/-U?-ASTM D373b 89 SB 0759530 0022773 4 W 4 )+)Designation:D 1736-89 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 Race S I.,Philadelphia.Pa.19103 Reprinted from lhe Annuai Book d ASTM Standards.CopyigM ASTM If no!listed in lhe cuireni combined index,will appear I n lhe ml dilion.Standard Test Method for Efflorescence of Interior Wall Paints This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1736;the number immediately following lhe designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in lhe case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(6)indicates an editorial change since lhe last revision or reapproval,1.Scope 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tendency of an interior wall paint to emoresce under normal environmental conditions.Historically this phenomenon has been exhibited primarily with latex,or other water-based paints,and the method has been used in testing aqueous products.1.2 This test method is limited to the determination of the emorescence resulting from migration of soluble salts from within the paint film.It does not deal with the eilorescence attributable to certain substrates.1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials,oper-ations,and equipment.This standard does not purport to address all o f the safety problems associated with its use.It is the responsibility o f the user o f this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability o f regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Document 2.1 ASTM Standard:D 1193 Specification for Reagent Wate?3.Terminology 3.1 Descriptions o f Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 eflorescence-a condition that occurs when soluble salts in the dried paint film or in the substrate migrate to the film surface during exposure.It should not be confused with other causes of nonuniform appearance or whitening that may occur at the time of application.Emorescence is seen as either a light,medium,or heavy deposits of crystals.It exists both in isolated patches and over wide areas.Another evidence of emorescence is the development of a non-uniform appearance of flat or glossy areas during the cycling procedure of the test.L 3.1.2 degrees o f efflorescence:3.1.2.1 flatting and glossing-A nonuniform decrease or increase in gioss noticeable when the surface is illuminated and viewed at near grazing angles.There is no apparent change in color when viewed perpendicularly to the surface.3.1.2.2 fine eflorescence-A barely discernible whitening of the surface when viewed perpendicularly.3.1.2.3 medium eflorescence-A readily noticeable whit-ening of the surface without a marked masking of the color.I This test method is under lhe jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-l on Paint and Related Coatings and Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee W1.42 on Architectural Finishes.Current edition approved March 31.1989.Published May 1989.Originally published as D 1736-60 T.Last previous edition D 1736-89(1984).Annual Book o f ASTM Sandards,Vol 06.03.3,1.2.4 heavy eflorescence-A white deposit sufficient to mask the color.4.Summary of Test Method 4.1 Painted panels are exposed to controlled cycles of row temperature and high humidity,and to standard conditions of temperature and humidity,inducing a fine condensate on the surface.The test is run for a maximum of eight cycles.5.Significance and U s e 5.1 The test conditions are similar to conditions that produce emorescence inside a home or building.The degree of emorescence and the number of cycles required to produce it are a good indication of the paints ability to resist emorescence.6.Apparatus 6.1 Test Cabinet-A cold-wall type of household refriger-ator without exposed cooling coils,Additional humidity shali be introduced into the test area from a pan of water on the chamber floor,or by putting water in the butter conditioner and setting the conditioner at its highest temperature.Conditions in the test cabinet shall be maintained at 42 lr 3 F (5 5 rt 1.5C)and at 75 to 80%relative humidity.Any other type of cabinet used should be checked for reproduc-ibility of test results by comparison with a recommended cabinet.7.Reagents 7.1 Purity o f Water-Unless otherwise indicated,refer-ences to water shali be understood to mean reagent water as defined by Type IV of Specificafion D 1193.8.Test Panels 8.1 A sealed substrate shall be used.One satisfactory surface is tempered hardboard sealed with one coat of shellac varnish(3 to 4-lb cut).The panel size shall be 6 by 18 in.(1 50 by 450 mm).If the panel does not fit the cabinet,the size may be changed,although the area should be kept approximateljl the same.9.Preparation of Panels 9.1 Apply the shellac varnish to the test panel and allow to dry.Brush two coats of the test paint on both sides of the sealed panel.Apply the test paint at a temperature above 60F(1 55C)and allow approximately 1 h between coats or,if not a lat