ASTM_D_1691_-_12.pdf

Designation:D169112Standard Test Methods forZinc in Water1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1691;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 These test methods cover the determination of zinc inwater.Two test methods are given as follows:Test MethodConcentrationRangeSectionsAAtomic Absorption,Direct0.05 to 2 mg/L8 16BAtomic Absorption,Chelation-Extraction20 to 200 g/L17 251.2 Either dissolved or total recoverable zinc may be deter-mined.1.3 These test methods have been used successfully withreagent grade water.See the specific test method for applica-bility to other matrices.It is the users responsibility to assurethe validity of these test methods in other matrices.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system are mathematical conversions and may not beexact equivalents;therefore,each system shall be used inde-pendently of the other.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazardstatements,see Section 6 and Note 6,Note 10,and Note 16.1.6 Two former colorimetric test methods were discontin-ued.Refer to Appendix X1 for historical information.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D858 Test Methods for Manganese in WaterD1066 Practice for Sampling SteamD1068 Test Methods for Iron in WaterD1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1687 Test Methods for Chromium in WaterD1688 Test Methods for Copper in WaterD1886 Test Methods for Nickel in WaterD2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias ofApplicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on WaterD3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed ConduitsD3557 Test Methods for Cadmium in WaterD3558 Test Methods for Cobalt in WaterD3559 Test Methods for Lead in WaterD4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for WaterSamples Containing Organic and Inorganic ConstituentsD5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous SamplesD5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specificationsfor Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in these testmethods,refer to Terminology D1129.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 total recoverable zinc,nan arbitrary analytical termrelating to the recoverable form of zinc that is determinable bythe digestion method that is included in the Procedure.4.Significance and Use4.1 Zinc is an essential and beneficial element in bodygrowth.Concentrations above 5 mg/L can cause a bitterastringent taste and opalescence in alkaline waters.The zincconcentration of U.S.drinking waters varies between 0.06 and7.0 mg/L with a mean of 1.33 mg/L.Zinc most commonlyenters the domestic water supply from deterioration of galva-nized iron and dezincification of brass.Zinc in water also mayresult from industrial water pollution.35.Purity of Reagents5.1 Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests.Unless otherwise indicated,it is intended that all reagents shall1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 onWater and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on InorganicConstituents in Water.Current edition approved Sept.1,2012.Published September 2012.Originallyapproved in 1959.Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D1691 02(2007)E01.DOI:10.1520/D1691-12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3“Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,”16thedition,1985,APHA,AWWA-WPCF.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 conform to the specifications of the Committee on AnalyticalReagents of the American Chemical Society,where suchspecifications are available.4Other grades may be used,pro-vided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficientlyhigh purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy ofthe determination.5.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated,referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent water conformingto Specification D1193,Type I.Other reagent water types maybe used,provided it is first ascertained that the water is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without adverselyaffecting