ASTM_D_1196_-_D_1196M_-_12_2016.pdf

Designation:D1196/D1196M12(Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method forNonrepetitive Static Plate Load Tests of Soils and FlexiblePavement Components,for Use in Evaluation and Design ofAirport and Highway Pavements1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1196/D1196M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the making of nonrepetitivestatic plate load tests on subgrade soils and pavementcomponents,in either the compacted condition or the naturalstate,and provides data for use in the evaluation and design ofrigid and flexible-type airport and highway pavements.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.Thevalues stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Terminology2.1 Definitions:2.1.1 deflection,namount of downward vertical move-ment of a surface as a result of the application of a load to thesurface.2.1.2 rebound deflection,namount of vertical rebound ofa surface that occurs when a load is removed from the surface.2.1.3 residual deflection,ndifference between original andfinal elevations of a surface resulting from the application andremoval of one or more loads to and from the surface.3.Significance and Use3.1 Field,in-place nonrepetitive static load tests are used forthe evaluation and design of pavement structures.Nonrepeti-tive static plate load tests are performed on soils and unboundbase and subbase materials to determine the modulus ofsubgrade reaction or a measure of the shear strength ofpavement components.4.Apparatus4.1 Loading DeviceA truck or trailer or a combination ofboth a tractor-trailer,an anchored frame,or other structureloaded with sufficient weight to produce the desired reaction onthe surface under test.The supporting points(wheels in thecase of a truck or trailer)shall be at least 2.4 m 8 ft from thecircumference of the largest diameter bearing plate being used.4.2 Hydraulic Jack Assembly,with a spherical bearingattachment,capable of applying and releasing the load inincrements.The jack shall have sufficient capacity for applyingthe maximum load required,and shall be equipped with anaccurately calibrated gage that will indicate the magnitude ofthe applied load.4.3 Bearing PlatesAset of circular steel bearing plates notless than 25.4 mm 1 in.in thickness,machined so that theycan be arranged in pyramid fashion to ensure rigidity,andhaving diameters ranging from 152 to 762 mm 6 to 30 in.The diameters of adjacent plates in the pyramid arrangementshall not differ by more than 152 mm 6 in.NOTE1A minimum of four different plate sizes is recommended forpavement design or evaluation purposes.For evaluation purposes alone,asingle plate may be used,provided that its area is equal to the tire-contactarea corresponding to what may be considered as the most criticalcombination of conditions of wheel load and tire pressure.For the purposeof providing data indicative of bearing index(for example,the determi-nation of relative subgrade support throughout a period of a year),a singleplate of any selected size may be used.4.4 Dial Gages,two or more,graduated in units of 0.01 mmor 0.001 in.and capable of recording a maximum deflectionof 25.4 mm 1 in.or other equivalent deflection-measuringdevices.4.5 Deflection Beam,upon which the dial gages shall bemounted.The beam shall be a 64 mm 212-in.standard blackpipe or a 76 by 76 by 6-mm 3 by 3 by14-in.steel angle,orequivalent.It shall be at least 5.5 m 18 ft long and shall reston supports located at least 2.4 m 8 ft from the circumferenceof the bearing plate or nearest wheel or supporting leg.The1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E17 on Vehicle-Pavement Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E17.41 onPavement Testing and Evaluation.Current edition approved Nov.1,2016.Published November 2016.Originallyapproved in 1952.Replaces D1196 57.Last previous edition approved in 2012 asD1196/D1196M 12.DOI:10.1520/D1196_D1196M-12R16.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 entire deflection measuring system shall be adequately shadedfrom direct rays of the sun.4.6 Miscellaneous Tools,including a spirit level,for prepa-ration of the surface to be tested and for operation of t