ASTM_D_1200_-_10_2014.pdf

Designation:D120010(Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Method forViscosity by Ford Viscosity Cup1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1200;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the viscos-ity of Newtonian or near-Newtonian paints,varnishes,lacquers,and related liquid materials with the Ford-type effluxviscosity cup.If the material is non-Newtonian,that is,shear-thinning or thixotropic,Test Method D2196 should beused.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational(Brookfield type)ViscometerE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Newtonian liquid,na liquid in which the viscosity isindependent of the shear stress or shear rate.If the ratio ofshear stress to shear rate is not constant,the liquid is non-Newtonian.3.1.2 Near-Newtonian liquid,na liquid in which thevariation of viscosity with shear rate is small and the effect onviscosity of mechanical disturbances such as stirring is negli-gible.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The Ford viscosity cup is filled level full with the liquidunder test,and the time for the material to flow through one ofthe standard orifices is measured.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is useful for the determination ofpackage and application viscosities of a number of paints andother coatings and in the thinning of these materials,but islimited to Newtonian or near-Newtonian liquids.5.2 There are other types of apparatus for measuring vis-cosity in the laboratory that produce more accurate results.6.Apparatus6.1 Ford Viscosity CupsNos.1,2,3,4,and 5 Fordviscosity cups made of corrosion-and solvent-resistant mate-rials assembled as complete units(Note 1),and conforming tothe dimensional requirements shown in Fig.1.The orificedimensions are considered as a guide only as the combinationof cup and orifice dimensions must permit conformance to theflow formula for each cup as listed in the Appendix.NOTE1If the orifice is removed from the cup for any reason the cupshould be recalibrated before use as described in the Appendix.6.2 ThermometerSaybolt Viscosity Thermometer con-forming to the requirements for Thermometer 17C(19 to 27C)or 17F(66 to 80F)as prescribed in Specification E1.Inaddition,temperature measuring devices such as non-mercuryliquid-in-glass thermometers,thermocouples,or platinum re-sistance thermometers that provide equivalent or better accu-racy and precision,that cover the temperature range forthermometer 17C and 17F,may be used.6.3 Timing DeviceAny timing device may be used pro-viding that the readings can be taken with a discrimination of0.2 s or better.7.Test Specimen7.1 The specimen of the material to be tested shall be visiblyhomogeneous and free of any foreign material or air bubbles.8.Temperature of Testing8.1 All measurements with the Ford viscosity cups shall bemade at 25C(77F)or a temperature agreed upon between1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.24 on Physical Properties of Liquid Paints and Paint Materials.Current edition approved Dec.1,2014.Published December 2014.Originallyapproved in 1952.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D1200 10.DOI:10.1520/D1200-10R14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 producer and user.Temperature drift during the test should bekept to a minimum and should not exceed 60.2C(60.4F).NOTE2 It is impossible to predict the effect of temperature change oneach material with which the apparatus may be used.This factor may beless than 1%per degree Celsius for some liquids whereas others may beas high as 8 to 10%per degree Celsius.9.Calibration9.1 Cups should be calibrated in accordance with theprocedure described in Appendix X1.The frequency of thiscalibration check depends u