ASTM_D_1610_-_01_2013.pdf

Designation:D161001(Reapproved 2013)Standard Practice forConditioning Leather and Leather Products for Testing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1610;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the conditioning of all units andspecimens of leather and leather products prior to testing andthe conditions under which they should be tested.This practicedoes not apply to wet blue.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D1517 Terminology Relating to LeatherE337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psy-chrometer(the Measurement of Wet-and Dry-Bulb Tem-peratures)2.2IU Standards:IUP/3 Conditioning23.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of leather terms used in this practice,refer to Terminology D1517.3.1.2 standard atmospheric conditionsfor leather andleather testing,one of two sets of conditions:(1)a temperature of 23 6 2C(73.4 6 3.6F and a relativehumidity of 50 6 4%(2)a temperature of 20 6 2C(68.0 6 3.6F)and a relativehumidity of 65 6 4%.Condition set(1)is used as the standard for leather testing inNorth America and condition set(2)is used as the standard forleather testing in Europe and Japan.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The conditioning prescribed in this practice is designedto obtain reproducible test results on leather and leatherproducts by the standardization of the relative humidity andtemperature conditions to which the leather or leather productis subjected prior to and during testing.5.Significance and Use5.1 Temperature and relative humidity have an influence onmany of the physical properties of leather.Depending onenvironmental conditions the moisture content in leather mayvary significantly.Standardized conditioning in part allows forreliable comparisons to be made among different leather andleather products,and among different laboratories.6.Apparatus6.1 Room,in which the standard atmosphere is automati-cally maintained.6.2 PsychrometerEither a sling psychrometer,or a station-ary type psychrometer having the air circulated over thethermometer bulbs.NOTE1It is preferable to draw air over the thermometer bulb ratherthan blow air,from a fan source,over them.Heat from the fan may causeerrors in the readings.6.3 ThermometersThe thermometers should conform ap-proximately to the following requirements:range 0 to 52C(32to 122 F);graduation 0.2C(0.5F).They should be matchedto within 0.1C(0.25F)throughout the range used.NOTE2Under ordinary conditions,an error of 1%in relativehumidity corresponds to an error of approximately 0.1C(0.2F)in thewet-bulb depression.6.4 Chamber for maintaining 65%relative humidityArelative humidity of 65 6 2%at 20 6 2C can be maintainedin a closed space by the use of a saturated solution of certainsalts in water(in which the solid phase is present in excess)3ora sulfuric acid solution.The solution should be placed in a1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.07 on Physical Properties.Thispractice was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists Assn.Current edition approved May 1,2013.Published May 2013.Originallyapproved in 1984.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1610 07.DOI:10.1520/D1610-01R13.2Journal of the Society of Leather Trades Chemists,Vol XLII,No.12,pp386387.3Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,Chemical Rubber Publishing Co.;Lange,Handbook of Chemistry,Handbook Publishers;and Wilson,Modern Practice inLeather Manufacture,Reinhold Publishing Co.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 large shallow dish inside the closed vessel.Continuous circu-lation of air inside the vessel is essential.Appropriate saturatedsalt solutions can be prepared from either pure ammoniumnitrate or pure sodium nitrate.NOTE3Creeping of the solid phase in these salt solutions can be madenegligible by applying a thin layer of paraffin wax on the inside wall of theshallow dish.NOTE4Vegetable-tanned leathers experience a slight change of colorwhen stored over sodium nitrite,but there is no evidence of damage to theleather or any detrimental effect on the physical properties of the leather.4A sulfuric acid solution that is 35.6%by weight(sp.gr.1.270 20C)is satisfactory.It is necessary to check the sp.gr.of this solution from time to time and to restore it to thevalu