ASTM_D_1596_-_14_2021.pdf

Designation:D159614(Reapproved 2021)Standard Test Method forDynamic Shock Cushioning Characteristics of PackagingMaterial1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1596;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure for obtainingdynamic shock cushioning characteristics of packaging mate-rials through acceleration-time data achieved from dropping afalling guided platen assembly onto a motionless sample.Thistest method does not address any effects or contributions ofexterior packaging assemblies.1.2 The data acquired may be used for a single point or foruse in developing a dynamic cushion curve for the specificmaterial being tested.Such data may be used for comparisonamong different materials at specific input conditions,orqualifying materials against performance specifications.Cau-tion should be used when attempting to compare data fromdifferent methods or when using such data for predictingin-package performance.Depending upon the particular mate-rials of concern,correlation of such data(from among differingprocedures or for predicting inpackage performance)may behighly variable.NOTE1Alternative and related method for possible consideration isTest Method D4168.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard.The SI units given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-mentsD4168 Test Methods for Transmitted Shock Characteristicsof Foam-in-Place Cushioning MaterialsD4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers,Packages,orPackaging Components for TestingE105 Guide for Probability Sampling of MaterialsE122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,WithSpecified Precision,the Average for a Characteristic of aLot or Process3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsGeneral definitions for packaging and dis-tribution environments are found in Terminology D996.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 acceleration,nthe rate of change of velocity of abody with respect to time,measured in in./s2(m/s2).3.2.2 displacement,nthe magnitude of movement of abody,point,or surface from a fixed reference point,measuredin inches(metres).3.2.3 dynamic cushion curve,na graphic representation ofdynamic shock cushioning or transmitted shock(in Gs)over avariety of static loading conditions(psi or kg/square m)for aspecific cushioning material thickness(or structure)at aspecific equivalent free fall drop height.3.2.3.1 DiscussionSuch representations can encompassthe average response readings in Gs of a number of drops,theaverage of drops,two to five for each test phase,or representa single,specific drop number in a drop sequence(that is,firstor third drop data).3.2.4 equivalent free-fall drop height,nthe calculatedheight of free fall in vacuum required for the dropping platento attain a measured or given impact velocity.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.13 on InteriorPackaging.Current edition approved Oct.1,2021.Published November 2021.Originallypublished in 1959.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D1596 14.DOI:10.1520/D1596-14R21.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.13.2.5 equivalent free-fall impact velocity,nthe calculatedimpact velocity of the dropping platen if it were to free fall ina vacuum from a specific test