ASTM_D_2711_-_22.pdf

Designation:D271122Standard Test Method forDemulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating Oils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2711;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the abilityof oil and water to separate from each other.It is intended foruse in testing medium and high-viscosity lubricating oils.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils bythe Centrifuge Method(Laboratory Procedure)D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products,LiquidFuels,and Lubricants3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method,referto Terminology D4175.3.1.2 demulsibility,nin petroleum products,the ability ofa mixture of liquids(usually hydrocarbons and water)toseparate into its components after the mixture has beenvigorously agitated.D41754.Summary of Test Method4.1 For Oils That Do Not Contain Extreme Pressure(EP)AdditivesA 405 mL sample of the oil and 45 mL of distilledwater are stirred together for 5 min at 82 C in a specialgraduated separatory funnel.After a 5 h settling period follow-ing the stirring,a percentage of the water in the oil and thevolumes of water and emulsion separating from the oil aremeasured and recorded.4.2 For Oils That Contain Extreme Pressure(EP)AdditivesA 360 mL sample of the oil and 90 mL of distilledwater are stirred together for 5 min at 82 C in a specialgraduated separatory funnel.After a 5 h settling period follow-ing the stirring,percentage of water in the oil and the volumesof water and emulsion separating from the oil are measured andrecorded.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test provides a guide for determining the demulsi-bility characteristic of lubricating oils that are prone to watercontamination and may encounter the turbulence of pumpingand circulation capable of producing water-in-oil emulsions.6.Apparatus6.1 Stirrer,constructed from parts shown in Figs.1-3.NOTE1An air pressure driven motor is suggested to avoid anypotential electrical sparking hazard.6.2 Special Graduated Separatory Funnel,as shown in Fig.4.6.3 Heating Bath,sufficiently large and deep to permit theimmersion of at least two test separatory funnels in the bathliquid up to their 500 mL graduation mark.The bath shall becapable of maintaining a temperature of 82 C 6 1 C andshall be so equipped to hold the separatory funnels securely ina position so that the vertical axis of the stirrer corresponds tothe center line of the separatory funnel during the mixing of theoil and water.NOTE2The use of silicone oil as a bath medium is discouraged,sinceany contamination into the oil/water mixture may cause erroneous results.6.4 Centrifuge,as described in Test Method D1796.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.L0.01 on Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants.Current edition approved Nov.1,2022.Published November 2022.Originallyapproved in 1968.Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D2711 17.DOI:10.1520/D2711-22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.16.5 Centrifuge Tubes,long-form,195 mm to 203 mm asdescribed in Fig.1 of Test Method D1796.7.Materials7.1 Cleaning Solven