ASTM_D_2700_-_22a.pdf

Designation:D270022aStandard Test Method forMotor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2700;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This laboratory test method covers the quantitativedetermination of the knock rating of liquid spark-ignitionengine fuel in terms of Motor octane number,including fuelsthat contain up to 25%v/v of ethanol.However,this testmethod may not be applicable to fuel and fuel components thatare primarily oxygenates.2The sample fuel is tested in astandardized single cylinder,four-stroke cycle,variable com-pression ratio,carbureted,CFR engine run in accordance witha defined set of operating conditions.The octane number scaleis defined by the volumetric composition of primary referencefuel blends.The sample fuel knock intensity is compared tothat of one or more primary reference fuel blends.The octanenumber of the primary reference fuel blend that matches theknock intensity of the sample fuel establishes the Motor octanenumber.1.2 The octane number scale covers the range from 0 to 120octane number,but this test method has a working range from40 to 120 octane number.Typical commercial fuels producedfor automotive spark-ignition engines rate in the 80 to 90Motor octane number range.Typical commercial fuels pro-duced for aviation spark-ignition engines rate in the 98 to 102Motor octane number range.Testing of gasoline blend stocksor other process stream materials can produce ratings at variouslevels throughout the Motor octane number range.1.3 The values of operating conditions are stated in SI unitsand are considered standard.The values in parentheses are thehistorical inch-pounds units.The standardized CFR enginemeasurements continue to be in inch-pound units only becauseof the extensive and expensive tooling that has been created forthis equipment.1.4 For purposes of determining conformance with allspecified limits in this standard,an observed value or acalculated value shall be rounded“to the nearest unit”in thelast right-hand digit used in expressing the specified limit,inaccordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For more specific hazard statements,see Section 8,14.4.1,15.5.1,16.6.1,Annex A1,A2.2.3.1,A2.2.3.3(6)and(9),A2.3.5,X3.3.7,X4.2.3.1,X4.3.4.1,X4.3.9.3,X4.3.12.4,andX4.5.1.8.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2268 Test Method for Analysis of High-Purity n-Heptaneand Isooctane by Capillary Gas ChromatographyD2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine FuelD2885 Test Method for Determination of Octane Number ofSpark-Ignition Engine Fuels by On-Line Direct Compari-son TechniqueD3703 Test Method for Hydroperoxide Number of AviationTurbine Fuels,Gasoline and Diesel FuelsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products,LiquidFuels,and LubricantsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.01 on Combustion Characteristics.Current edition approved Oct.1,2022.Published October 2022.Originallyapproved in 1968.Last previous edition approved in 2022 as D2700 22.DOI:10.1520/D2700-22A.2Research octane number,determined using Test Method D2699,is a companionmethod to provide a similar but typically higher octane rating under milderoperating conditions.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on stan