ASTM_D_25_-_12.pdf

Designation:D2512Standard Specification forRound Timber Piles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D25;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This specification covers the physical characteristics ofunused round timber piles to be used either treated or un-treated.1.2 This specification is not intended for preused pilesunless the piles have the quality specified by this specificationand design stresses equal to or greater than those derived fromMethod D2899.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Prod-uctsD2555 Practice for Establishing Clear Wood Strength ValuesD2899 Practice for Establishing Allowable Stresses forRound Timber Piles3.Species of Wood3.1 Piles shall be of any species of wood for which clearwood strength values are given in Test Methods D2555.4.Classification4.1 Timber piles are commonly used to transfer structuralloads to sub surface soil bearing strata by way of friction or tipend bearing forces,or both.4.2 Method D2899 provides a basis for specifying the pilesize.This standard gives a procedure for estimating the designstress at any location along the pile length.As design stressmust always exceed that imposed under service conditions,thequotient of the structural loads divided by the design stressgives an estimate of the minimum section property required atany location.4.3 Under this specification,pile size requirements esti-mated at a critical location are extrapolated to either the tip orbutt end assuming a linear taper.For this specification,piles areclassified by nominal circumference and length.5.Quality Requirement(All Piles)5.1 Piles shall be of sound wood,free of decay,insectattack,marine borer attack,and Limnoria damage,except asherein allowed in 13.2 and 14.1.5.2 Piles shall be cut above the ground swell and have ataper from butt to tip.5.3 Piles shall have an average rate of growth measured inthe outer 50%of the radius at the pile tip of not less than 6rings per inch and shall have an average summerwood contentof not less than 33.3%in the outer 50%of the tip radius.Exception:Piles with less than 6 rings per inch are acceptableif the average is 50%or more summerwood present in theouter 50%of the pile tip radius.5.4 Piles that cannot be adequately inspected for the physi-cal requirements specified in this specification due to adheringbarnacles or other material shall not be permitted.6.Lengths6.1 All piles shall be furnished in lengths specified,exceptthat tolerances shall be allowed as follows:6.1.1 Piles 40 ft(12.2 m)and shorterplus 1 ft(0.3 m),minus 6 in.(152 mm).6.1.2 Piles 41 ft(12.5 m)or longerplus 2 ft(0.6 m),minus6 in.(152 mm).7.Sizes7.1 Pile sizes are specified according to nominal circumfer-ence 3 ft from the butt or at the tip.Tables are provided inAppendix X1.1 to facilitate the selection of pile dimensions.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Woodand is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D07.04 on Pole and Pile Products.Current edition approved May 1,2012.Published August 2012.Originallyapproved in 1915.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D25 99(2005).DOI:10.1520/D0025-12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.2 The out-of-round ratio(maximum to minimum diam-eter)at the butt or the tip shall not exceed 1.2.7.3 All circumference measurements shall be taken underthe bark.7.4 Circumference at the butt shall not exceed circumfer-ence 3 ft(0.9 m)from the butt by more than 8 in.(203 mm).7.5 Circumferences given in Tables X1.2-X1.5 are mini-mum values.No more than 10%of piles in any shipment shallhave tip circumferences less than the tabulated values.Of thosethat are below tabulated values,none shall vary from tabulatedvalues by more than 2 in.(51 mm).8.Sapwood8.1 Wood piles for preservative treatment shall have suffi-cient sapwood to meet