ASTM_D_3094_-_00_2010.pdf

Designation:D309400(Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Method forSeepage Rate of Aerosol Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3094;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of approxi-mate mass loss due to valve seepage rate2of aerosol productsby the collection and measurement of gases seeping throughthe valve and into a special eudiometer tube,over a relativelyshort time period.1.2 It can be shown that the average refrigeration-filledaerosol product seeps to the extent of approximately 3.0 mLwhen the corresponding mass loss is 0.10 oz(2.9 cm3)/year.This figure is partially based on air content and is subject tovariations according to filling conditions.This test method isnot considered dependable when applied to pressure-filled,unpurged aerosol products.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Significance and Use2.1 This test method affords a more rapid answer to theever-present problem of mass loss during storage.It is ofparticular value in determining the effectiveness of valve stakeand clinch seal elastomers in contact with new formulations.This test method may also be used to evaluate new valves withstandard mixtures.3.Apparatus3.1 Bath,constant-temperature,equipped with a thermo-regulator sufficient to maintain water at 80 6 2F(26 6 1C).The tank should be of sufficient proportions to accommodatethe necessary number of test specimens in an upright position,so that each specimen is surrounded by approximately 1 in.(25mm)of water.3.2 Eudiometer Tubes(Fig.1 and Fig.2),custom-ordered orhand-made,with an internal volume of 5.0 mL net(allowingfor any part of the valve that might protrude into the tube).Itis convenient to calibrate in 1,2,and 3-mL divisions.NOTE1For tests involving many dispensers,small test tubes and vialshave been successfully substituted for the tubes in Fig.1 and Fig.2.4.Test Specimens4.1 Test specimens shall be prepared in accordance withproduction methods wherever possible,making certain that theclinch diameter and the depth of clinch below the curl of themounting cup are in agreement with the specifications.Newdispensers shall be pretested for leakage by heating thecontents to 130F(54C).5.Procedure5.1 Fill the bath with water that has been allowed todeaerate for 24 h at room temperature.Bring the bath to 80F(26C)and immerse the dispensers.5.2 Scrub the bath walls,bottom,and dispenser surfaces toremove adhering air.Give the dispensers a hard knock torelease any air bubbles clinging to the valve parts.5.3 Submerge the eudiometer tubes and fill them.Removethe air bubbles.Invert the tubes over the dispenser valves andallow them to remain for 48 h.5.4 Give each dispenser a hard knock to free the clinginggas into the inverted eudiometer tube.Determine and recordthe amount of gas in each tube.5.5 The mass loss due to seepage through the valve andO-ring seal represents only a part of the total mass loss.Leakage will also occur at the seams and seam junctures.5.6 There is usually a 1 to 2-week adjustment period withnew dispensers,during which some perturbations in seepagerate will occur.After this,a reasonably steady day-to-day rateis assumed.NOTE2Many dispensers are found to rust slightly when stored underwater for 2 days.This condition may be remedied by employing a bathsolution containing 0.5%sodium nitrate(NaNO3)and 0.5%triethylene1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.33 on MechanicalDispensers.This test method was originally developed by the Chemical SpecialtiesManufacturers Assn.Current edition approved Oct.1,2010.Published November 2010.Originallyapproved in 1972.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D3094 00(2005).DOI:10.1520/D3094-00R10.2Data on the theoretical development of seepage concepts has been filed atASTM Headquarters as RR:D10-1000.Contact ASTM Customer Service atserviceastm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 glycol in water.In a more concentrated solution,triethylene glycol exertsa softening effect upon enamel dispenser finishes.6.Calculation6.1 Correct the volume of gas collected in the eudiometertube to allow for water solubility.Sin