ASTM_D_2981_-_94_2019.pdf

Designation:D298194(Reapproved 2019)Standard Test Method forWear Life of Solid Film Lubricants in Oscillating Motion1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2981;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of wear life of abonded solid film lubricant under oscillating motion by meansof a block-on-ring2friction and wear testing machine.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D2714 Test Method for Calibration and Operation of theFalex Block-on-Ring Friction and Wear Testing Machine3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 coeffcient of friction,or fin tribology,the dimen-sionless ratio of the friction force(F)between two bodies to thenormal force(N)pressing these two bodies together.or f 5F/N!(1)3.1.1.1 DiscussionA distinction is often made betweenstatic coeffcient of friction and kinetic coeffcient of friction.3.1.2 friction forcethe resisting force tangential to theinterface between two bodies when,under the action of anexternal force,one body moves or tends to move relative to theother.3.1.3 kinetic coeffcient of frictionthe coefficient of fric-tion under conditions of macroscopic relative motion betweentwo bodies.3.1.4 weardamage to a solid surface,generally involvingprogressive loss of material,due to relative motion betweenthat surface and a contacting substance or substances.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The test machine is operated using a coated steel testingring oscillating against a steel test block.The oscillating speedis 87.5 cpm 6 1 cpm at a 90 arc.The specimens are worn-infor 1 min at 13.6 kg(30 lb)normal load obtained by applica-tion of 0.454 kg(1 lb)of dead weight to the 0:1 ratio leversystem.Wear-in is followed by application of a normal load of283 kg(630 lb)obtained by application of 9.53 kg(21 lb)ofdead weight to the 30:1 ratio lever system for the duration ofthe test.4.2 One measurement is made:4.2.1 wear lifethe number of cycles required for thefrictional force to rise to a predetermined value.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is used for determining the wear lifeproperties of bonded solid lubricants in oscillating motionunder the prescribed test conditions.This test method differ-entiates between bonded solid lubricants with respect to theirwear life.If the test conditions are changed,relative wear lifemay change and relative ratings of the bonded solid filmlubricants may be different.6.Apparatus6.1 Block-on-Ring Test Machine,2equipped with oscillatingdrive,load cell transducer and recorder described in detail inAnnex A1 and illustrated in Fig.1.(See Test Method D2714.)1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.L0.05 on Solid Lubricants.Current edition approved May 1,2019.Published June 2019.Originallyapproved in 1971.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D2981 94(2014).DOI:10.1520/D2981-94R19.2The sole source of supply of the Block-on-Ring known to the committee at thistime is Falex Corp.,1020 Airpark Dr.,Sugar Grove,IL 60554.If you are aware ofalternative suppliers,please provide this information to ASTM InternationalHeadquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee,which you may attend.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 6.2 Test Ring,4SAE 4620 Steel,having a Rockwell hardnessof HRC 58-63.Each ring had a ground face of 8.163 mm 60.127 mm(0.321 in.6 0.005 in.),a diameter of 3